Worksheet – Chapter 2: Understanding the Weather
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
Weather is the condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at a specific:
a) Country
b) Time and place
c) Season
d) Year
Which layer of atmosphere is responsible for almost all weather changes?
a) Stratosphere
b) Mesosphere
c) Troposphere
d) Thermosphere
Which instrument measures rainfall?
a) Hygrometer
b) Rain Gauge
c) Thermometer
d) Barometer
Wind always moves from:
a) Low pressure to high pressure
b) High pressure to low pressure
c) East to West
d) South to North
Which instrument measures humidity?
a) Anemometer
b) Thermometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Barometer
Atmospheric pressure at sea level is approximately:
a) 500 Mb
b) 800 Mb
c) 1013 Mb
d) 2000 Mb
Which instrument measures wind speed?
a) Wind sock
b) Rain gauge
c) Anemometer
d) Hygrometer
A reading below 1000 Mb indicates:
a) High pressure
b) Depression
c) Heat wave
d) Humidity
Which precipitation type is frozen rain pellets?
a) Hail
b) Snow
c) Sleet
d) Clouds
Relative humidity of 100% means:
a) Dry air
b) Air contains no moisture
c) Air is saturated with water vapor
d) Rainfall stops
Section B: Fill in the Blanks
- Weather occurs mainly in the __________ layer of atmosphere.
- __________ is the gas form of water in the atmosphere.
- A __________ measures atmospheric pressure.
- Wind speed is measured using an __________.
- The amount of moisture present in air is called __________.
- Rainfall is measured in __________.
- Warm air __________ while cool air sinks.
- A __________ predicts future weather conditions.
- The __________ weather station works automatically.
- Temperature range = Maximum temperature − __________ temperature.
Section C: Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Thermometer a. Humidity
2. Hygrometer b. Wind Speed
3. Barometer c. Temperature
4. Rain Gauge d. Atmospheric Pressure
5. Anemometer e. Rainfall
Section D: True or False
- Weather forecasting is based only on guessing. (______)
- Wind sock helps identify wind direction. (______)
- Humidity means amount of oxygen in the air. (______)
- Air pressure decreases at higher altitudes. (______)
- Strong winds increase evaporation of water from soil. (______)
- Digital thermometers are less accurate than mercury thermometers. (______)
- Weather stations record different weather elements. (______)
- Sleet and hail are the same thing. (______)
- Pilots use wind information for take-off and landing. (______)
- High humidity usually makes weather feel sticky. (______)
Section E: Very Short Answer Questions
- What is weather?
- Define humidity.
- What is precipitation?
- What is a weather forecast?
- What does a wind sock show?
- What is water vapor?
- Name two weather instruments.
- What is an Automated Weather Station?
Section F: Short Answer Questions
- Why is the troposphere important?
- Explain how a rain gauge works.
- Why do people feel breathless at high altitudes?
- How does temperature influence wind?
- Why is humidity important in museums?
- State two benefits of Automated Weather Stations.
Section G: Long Answer Questions
- Explain the different elements of weather in detail.
- Describe the instruments used to measure weather elements.
- Explain the importance of weather forecasting in daily life.
- Write a short note on atmospheric pressure and its effects.
Section H: Case Study Questions
Case Study – 1: Mumbai Weather
Jyotsna is planning a school trip to Mumbai in June. The weather forecast predicts a temperature of 29°C and 84% humidity. She knows that June is also the beginning of the monsoon season. High humidity can make the weather feel warmer and sticky. Rainfall is common during this period, and people generally wear light and comfortable clothing.
Questions:
- What was the predicted temperature?
- What was the humidity percentage?
- Why does weather feel sticky during high humidity?
- Which season begins in Mumbai in June?
- Suggest two things Jyotsna should pack.
Case Study – 2: Mountain Journey
A group of students visited a hill station located at a high altitude. As they climbed the mountain, they noticed that breathing became difficult and some students felt tired and dizzy. Their teacher explained that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude and the amount of oxygen also becomes less.
Questions:
- Why did students feel breathless?
- What happens to atmospheric pressure at high altitudes?
- What happens to oxygen availability in mountains?
- Name the instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure.
- Write one effect of low atmospheric pressure.
Case Study – 3: Weather Station
A weather station was installed in a school. It had instruments like a thermometer, hygrometer, rain gauge, barometer, and anemometer. Meteorologists used the collected data to study weather patterns and predict future weather conditions. Modern weather stations can also work automatically without human intervention.
Questions:
- Which instrument measures temperature?
- Which instrument measures humidity?
- Which instrument measures rainfall?
- What does an anemometer measure?
- What is an AWS?
- b) Time and place
- c) Troposphere
- b) Rain Gauge
- b) High pressure to low pressure
- c) Hygrometer
- c) 1013 Mb
- c) Anemometer
- b) Depression
- c) Sleet
- c) Air is saturated with water vapor
- Troposphere
- Water vapor
- Barometer
- Anemometer
- Humidity
- millimeters (mm)
- rises
- Forecast
- Automated (AWS)
- Minimum
- Thermometer → c. Temperature
- Hygrometer → a. Humidity
- Barometer → d. Atmospheric Pressure
- Rain Gauge → e. Rainfall
- Anemometer → b. Wind Speed
- False
- True
- False
- True
- True
- False
- True
- False
- True
- True
- Weather is the condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at a specific time and place.
- Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the air.
- Precipitation is water falling from the atmosphere in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
- A weather forecast is a prediction of future weather conditions.
- A wind sock shows wind direction.
- Water vapor is the gaseous form of water present in the atmosphere.
- Thermometer and Rain Gauge (any two)
- An Automated Weather Station (AWS) is a self-operating system that automatically records weather data.
- 29°C
- 84%
- Because air contains a large amount of water vapor
- Monsoon season
- Any two: Cotton clothes, umbrella, raincoat, water bottle, waterproof shoes
- Because oxygen level decreases at high altitudes
- It decreases
- Oxygen becomes less available
- Barometer
- Breathlessness/dizziness/tiredness
- Thermometer
- Hygrometer
- Rain Gauge
- Wind speed
- AWS is an Automated Weather Station that records weather data automatically.
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