Class - 10 Economics, Chapter - 1, Development
MCQs,Assertion–Reason.
MCQs
1. Development of a country is generally measured by
A. Literacy rate
B. Per capita income
C. Health facilities
D. Life expectancy
Ans: B
2. Per capita income means
A. Total income of the country
B. Total income ÷ total population
C. Income of rich people
D. Income of government
Ans: B
3. Which organisation publishes the World Development Report?
A. IMF
B. WTO
C. World Bank
D. UNDP
Ans: C
4. Average income of a country is also called
A. National income
B. Per capita income
C. Gross income
D. Disposable income
Ans: B
5. If total income of a country increases but population increases faster, per capita income will
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Remain same
D. Become zero
Ans: B
6. Which of the following is a non-material indicator of development?
A. Income
B. House
C. Education
D. Car
Ans: C
7. Infant Mortality Rate indicates
A. Health condition
B. Education level
C. Income level
D. Employment
Ans: A
8. HDI is published by
A. World Bank
B. IMF
C. UNDP
D. WHO
Ans: C
9. Which of the following is included in HDI?
A. Per capita income
B. Life expectancy
C. Literacy rate
D. All of these
Ans: D
10. Sustainable development means
A. High growth
B. Growth without future harm
C. Industrial development
D. Urban development
Ans: B
11. Which state has higher per capita income?
A. Bihar
B. Haryana
C. Odisha
D. Assam
Ans: B
12. Development goals may vary because
A. People have same needs
B. People have different needs
C. Government decides
D. Income is equal
Ans: B
13. Which sector causes maximum pollution?
A. Agriculture
B. Service
C. Industrial
D. Household
Ans: C
14. HDI rank improves if
A. Income increases only
B. Education improves only
C. Health improves only
D. All improve together
Ans: D
15. Which is a renewable resource?
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Forest
D. Natural gas
Ans: C
16. Which of the following is a public facility?
A. Private school
B. Shopping mall
C. Hospital
D. Five-star hotel
Ans: C
17. A rise in national income does not guarantee
A. Economic growth
B. Equal distribution
C. Development
D. Employment
Ans: B
18. BMI is related to
A. Education
B. Income
C. Health
D. Employment
Ans: C
19. Development includes
A. Economic growth only
B. Social progress only
C. Overall improvement
D. Industrial growth
Ans: C
20. Which factor is most important for sustainable development?
A. Overuse of resources
B. Conservation
C. Urbanisation
D. Industrialisation
Ans: B
21. Which of the following is the best indicator to compare living standards of different countries?
A. Total income
B. National income
C. Per capita income
D. Gross income
Ans: C
22. If a country’s population doubles but income remains same, per capita income will
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. Remain unchanged
D. Become zero
Ans: B
23. Which of the following reflects quality of life?
A. Income alone
B. Literacy rate
C. Life expectancy
D. Both B and C
Ans: D
24. What is the main limitation of per capita income?
A. Difficult to calculate
B. Ignores distribution of income
C. Not published
D. Includes services
Ans: B
25. Which indicator is used to measure health status?
A. Literacy rate
B. BMI
C. Infant Mortality Rate
D. Per capita income
Ans: C
26. Which of the following is NOT included in HDI?
A. Income
B. Education
C. Life expectancy
D. Population density
Ans: D
27. Development refers to
A. Increase in income only
B. Increase in production
C. Overall improvement in well-being
D. Industrial growth
Ans: C
28. Sustainable development focuses on
A. Present needs only
B. Future needs only
C. Both present and future needs
D. Industrialisation
Ans: C
29. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Wind energy
D. Natural gas
Ans: C
30. Which organisation publishes HDI?
A. World Bank
B. IMF
C. UNDP
D. WTO
Ans: C
31. A high infant mortality rate indicates
A. Good health facilities
B. Poor health conditions
C. High literacy
D. High income
Ans: B
32. What does literacy rate measure?
A. Income level
B. Employment
C. Percentage of literate people
D. Population growth
Ans: C
33. Which public facility directly improves health?
A. Roads
B. Transport
C. Hospitals
D. Markets
Ans: C
34. Which of the following can improve HDI rank?
A. Higher pollution
B. Better education and health
C. Higher population
D. Resource depletion
Ans: B
35. Development goals are different because
A. People are selfish
B. Needs vary among individuals
C. Government decides
D. Income is same
Ans: B
36. Which of the following is an example of non-material goal?
A. Car
B. House
C. Respect and security
D. Income
Ans: C
37. Which factor is essential for sustainable development?
A. Overuse of resources
B. Conservation
C. Deforestation
D. Industrial waste
Ans: B
38. Why are public facilities important?
A. They increase profit
B. They are luxury services
C. They improve quality of life
D. They increase population
Ans: C
39. National income does NOT show
A. Economic growth
B. Average income
C. Income inequality
D. Production
Ans: C
40. Which state generally has higher per capita income?
A. Bihar
B. Uttar Pradesh
C. Haryana
D. Odisha
Ans: C
41. Development includes
A. Economic growth only
B. Social and economic progress
C. Industrial growth only
D. Urbanisation
Ans: B
42. Which resource should be used judiciously?
A. Unlimited resources
B. Renewable resources
C. Non-renewable resources
D. Artificial resources
Ans: C
43. What is the main aim of development?
A. Maximum production
B. Profit making
C. Better life for people
D. Industrial expansion
Ans: C
44. Which indicator shows educational development?
A. Per capita income
B. Literacy rate
C. Life expectancy
D. IMR
Ans: B
45. Why income alone cannot ensure development?
A. It ignores health and education
B. It is difficult to measure
C. It is not useful
D. It is imaginary
Ans: A
46. Which of the following improves environmental sustainability?
A. Deforestation
B. Excess mining
C. Rainwater harvesting
D. Industrial waste
Ans: C
47. HDI value ranges between
A. 0 – 5
B. 0 – 10
C. 0 – 1
D. 1 – 100
Ans: C
48. Which country is generally ranked higher in HDI?
A. Low literacy country
B. High IMR country
C. High education & health country
D. Overpopulated country
Ans: C
49. Which sector contributes most to pollution?
A. Agriculture
B. Services
C. Industry
D. Household
Ans: C
50. Sustainable development ensures
A. Resource exhaustion
B. Long-term development
C. Fast growth
D. Industrial dominance
Ans: B
Assertion – Reason Questions (10)
Choose the correct option:
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
1. Assertion (A): Per capita income is used to compare countries.
Reason (R): It shows average income of people.
Ans: A
2. A: Different people have different development goals.
R: People live in different social and economic conditions.
Ans: A
3. A: HDI is a better indicator than per capita income.
R: HDI includes health and education indicators.
Ans: A
4. A: High income ensures high development.
R: Development depends only on income.
Ans: D
5. A: Sustainable development is necessary.
R: Resources are limited and exhaustible.
Ans: A
6. A: Literacy rate shows educational development.
R: It shows percentage of literate people.
Ans: A
7. A: Public facilities improve quality of life.
R: They are accessible to all people.
Ans: A
8. A: Industrialisation causes environmental degradation.
R: Industries release pollutants.
Ans: A
9. A: National income alone is sufficient to measure development.
R: It ignores inequality.
Ans: C
10. A: Infant mortality rate is high in developing countries.
R: Health facilities are inadequate.
Ans: A
