Worksheet: Social Science (Class 7)
Chapter 1 – The Story of Indian Farming
Section A – Very Short Answer (1 mark each)
- What is agriculture?
- From which language does the word “agriculture” come?
- What is threshing?
- Name one traditional method of threshing.
- Name one modern method of threshing.
- What are kharif crops?
- Give one example of a rabi crop.
- What is humus?
- What is soil?
- What is irrigation?
- Name one source of irrigation.
- What is weathering?
- What is crop rotation?
- What is intercropping?
- What is meant by rain-fed agriculture?
Section B – Short Answer (2–3 marks each)
- Why is India called an agriculture-based country?
- Write any two differences between kharif and rabi crops.
- How does climate affect farming?
- What is the role of the monsoon in agriculture?
- What are agroclimatic zones?
- Write any two features of traditional farming methods.
- Write any two features of modern farming methods.
- What is soil conservation? Give one method.
- What is multiple cropping?
- Why is irrigation important?
Section C – Long Answer (4–5 marks each)
- Explain the types of farming seasons in India (Kharif, Rabi, Zaid).
- Describe the importance of soil in agriculture.
- Explain the major types of soil found in India and the crops grown in them.
- Describe the development of agriculture from early times to the present.
- Explain the difference between traditional and modern agricultural practices.
- Write a short note on sustainable agriculture.
- What challenges do farmers face today? Explain any three.
Section D – Match the Following
Column A Column B
(a) Kharif crops (i) Grown in winter
(b) Rabi crops (ii) Grown in monsoon
(c) Zaid crops (iii) Summer crops
(d) Alluvial soil (iv) Fertile river soil
(e) Black soil (v) Good for cotton
(f) Contour ploughing (vi) Prevents soil erosion
Section E – Fill in the Blanks
- Agriculture comes from the Latin word __________.
- __________ crops are grown during the monsoon season.
- Humus makes the soil __________.
- __________ irrigation uses pipes to supply water to plants.
- The __________ monsoon brings rainfall from June to September.
- __________ soil is best suited for cotton.
- __________ farming depends only on rainfall.
- The Green Revolution started in the __________.
Section F – True or False
- Rice is a rabi crop. ( )
- Black soil is suitable for cotton. ( )
- Irrigation is not needed in farming. ( )
- Crop rotation helps maintain soil fertility. ( )
- Monsoon has no effect on agriculture. ( )
Section G – Case-Based Questions
Case Study 1
Ravi is a farmer in Punjab. He grows wheat during the winter season and rice during the rainy season. His farm has fertile alluvial soil and good irrigation facilities like canals and tube wells. He uses modern machines like tractors and harvesters to increase production. Ravi depends on the monsoon for water but also uses irrigation when rainfall is less. Due to good farming practices, he gets a good yield every year.
Questions:
Which crops does Ravi grow in kharif and rabi seasons?
What type of soil is found on his farm?
Name one modern method used by Ravi.
Why does Ravi use irrigation?
Case Study 2
Meena lives in a village in Rajasthan. She practices rain-fed agriculture because there is very little rainfall in her region. The soil is sandy and not very fertile. She grows crops like millets which need less water. Sometimes, due to lack of rain, her crops get damaged. She also takes care of goats to earn extra income. Meena uses traditional farming methods and depends a lot on nature.
Questions:
What type of agriculture does Meena practice?
Why does she grow millets?
What problem does she face in farming?
How does she earn extra income?
Why does he use a tube well?
Section H – Map/Activity Based
- On an outline map of India, mark:
- One region where rice is grown
- One region where wheat is grown
- Draw and label any one irrigation method (drip or sprinkler).
Section I – HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)
- Why do farmers grow different crops in different regions?
- What would happen if there were no monsoon in India?
- Why is sustainable agriculture important for the future?
Section J – Value-Based Question
- Why should we respect farmers and their work?
- How can we help in conserving water and soil in daily life?
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