Class 10
Geography
Chapter 3: Water Resources
A. MCQs (1 Mark Each)
1. Which of the following is a multi-purpose river valley project?
a) Hirakud
b) Bhakra Nangal
c) Damodar Valley
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
2. Which river project is called the ‘River of Sorrow’ turned into ‘River of Prosperity’?
a) Damodar Valley Project
b) Bhakra Nangal Project
c) Sardar Sarovar Project
d) Hirakud Project
Answer: a) Damodar Valley Project
3. Which of the following is the main source of freshwater in India?
a) Rivers and Lakes
b) Oceans
c) Rainfall
d) Groundwater
Answer: c) Rainfall
3. Water scarcity occurs due to:
a) Over-exploitation
b) Growing population
c) Industrialisation
d) All of these
Answer: d) All of these
4. Which of the following traditional methods of water conservation is practiced in Rajasthan?
a) Guls and Kuls
b) Khadins and Johads
c) Bamboo Drip Irrigation
d) Tanks
Answer: b) Khadins and Johads
B. Assertion–Reason (1 Mark Each)
Assertion (A): Multipurpose projects have been launched in India for irrigation, electricity generation, water supply, and flood control.
Reason (R): These projects only focus on one aspect of water usage.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: c) A is true, but R is false
Assertion (A): Water scarcity may be caused by large-scale industrialisation.
Reason (R): Industries use less water than agriculture.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: c) A is true, but R is false
Assertion (A): Rainwater harvesting is one of the best methods of conserving water.
Reason (R): It helps to recharge groundwater.
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
C. Fill in the Blanks (1 Mark Each)
1. India receives about ___ percent of the world’s precipitation.
Answer: 4%
2. Bamboo drip irrigation system is found in the state of ___.
Answer: Meghalaya
3. The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on the river ___.
Answer: Narmada
4. The rooftop rainwater harvesting system is most common in the state of ___.
Answer: Shilong, Meghalaya
5. The Hirakud dam is located on the river ___.
Answer: Mahanadi
6. _________ becomes first state of India where rain water harvesting structure compulsary to all the houses across the state?
Answer: Tamil Nadu
7. ________ state followed Bamboo Drip Irrigation Syste..
Answer: Meghalaya
8. Bhakra Nangal dam built in ___________ River.
Answer: Satluj-Beas ( Bhakra dam situated in Bilaspur (Himachal Pardesh) & Nangal - Punjab)
D. Short Answer Questions (2–3 Marks Each)
- What are the main causes of water scarcity in India?
- Mention any three disadvantages of multipurpose river valley projects.
- Differentiate between ‘Khadins’ and ‘Johads’.
- Explain the importance of rainwater harvesting in urban areas.
- What role does irrigation play in agriculture?
- what is Krishna-Godavari dispute? Which two state involve in this dispute?
- What do you mean by Rain water harvesting?
- Which state of India become first state where rain water harvesting structure compulsary to all the houses across the state?
- What is flood and how it is effect human life?
- Define "Dam".
- Which four states covered under Sardar Sarovar Project to meet the requirement of water?
- What was the main purpose of Narmada Bachao Andolan?
E. Long Answer Questions (5 Marks Each)
1. Describe the traditional methods of rainwater harvesting practiced in different parts of India.
Mention Khadins & Johads (Rajasthan), Guls & Kuls (Western Himalayas), Bamboo Drip Irrigation (Meghalaya), Tankas (Gujarat).
2. Explain the need for water conservation and management in India.
(Population growth, industrialisation, urbanisation, uneven rainfall, pollution).
3. What are multipurpose river valley projects? Explain with examples.
(Bhakra Nangal, Hirakud, Sardar Sarovar, Damodar Valley).
4. Discuss the problems caused by multipurpose river valley projects.
(Displacement, ecological impact, waterlogging, disputes, imbalance).
5. Suggest five measures to overcome the problem of water scarcity in India.
(Rainwater harvesting, afforestation, efficient irrigation, groundwater recharge, public awareness).
