Worksheet – Class 8 Social Science (History)
Chapter 2: Reshaping India’s Political Map
Section A – Very Short Answer (1 mark each)
- What was the main source of revenue in medieval kingdoms?
- What is meant by a centralised rule?
- Name the administrative system used by the Mughals.
- What was the Iqta system?
- Name one ruler associated with religious tolerance.
- What is guerrilla warfare?
- Name one strong kingdom in South India.
- What is the Paik system?
- What does “Seva” mean?
- Name one important medieval port city.
Section B – Short Answer Questions (2–3 marks each)
- Mention any two similarities between the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire.
- Give two differences between the Iqta system and the Mansabdari system.
- Why was geography important in protecting kingdoms like Vijayanagara?
- How did the Ahoms use military strategies effectively?
- What was the importance of Sulh-i-kul?
- How did trade flourish during the Mughal period?
Section C – Long Answer Questions (4–5 marks each)
- Compare the political strategies of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughals.
- Explain the geographical, military, and social reasons for the success of the Vijayanagara and Ahom kingdoms.
- Describe the changes in Akbar’s personality and policies over time.
- Explain the importance of Seva in modern society with examples.
Section D – Assertion and Reason (1 marks each)
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true
Assertion (A): The Mughal Empire was more stable than the Delhi Sultanate.
Reason (R): The Mughal administrative system was more organised.
Assertion (A): The Ahom kingdom resisted invasions successfully.
Reason (R): It was located in an open plain area.
Assertion (A): Vijayanagara Empire remained strong for a long time.
Reason (R): It had strong fortifications and natural protection.
Section E – Case-Based Questions (4 marks each)
Case Study 1 – Mughal Rule and Akbar’s Policies
The Mughal Empire became strong under Akbar, who was not only a great ruler but also a wise administrator. He introduced the Mansabdari system to manage his army and officials efficiently. Akbar believed in unity and started the policy of Sulh-i-kul, which means peace for all religions. He invited scholars from different religions to discuss ideas in the Ibadat Khana. His empire included people of different cultures, so he treated everyone equally. Trade and business also grew during his rule due to peace and security. Roads were safe, and markets were busy with goods from different regions. Akbar was influenced by wise advisors like Abul Fazl and Birbal. His policies helped in maintaining stability and harmony in the empire.
Questions:
What was the Mansabdari system?
What is meant by Sulh-i-kul?
Why did Akbar promote religious tolerance?
Name one advisor of Akbar.
Case Study 2 – Vijayanagara and Ahom Kingdoms
The Vijayanagara and Ahom kingdoms were able to resist invasions for a long time. One major reason was their strong geographical location. Vijayanagara was surrounded by hills and rivers, while the Ahom kingdom was protected by forests and wetlands. These natural barriers made it difficult for enemies to attack. Both kingdoms had strong armies and used smart military strategies. The Ahoms used guerrilla warfare, which included surprise attacks. The Vijayanagara rulers built strong forts for protection. People were loyal to their rulers and supported them in difficult times. The Ahoms also followed the Paik system, where people worked for the state. This unity made both kingdoms powerful and stable.
Questions:
How did geography help these kingdoms?
What is guerrilla warfare?
What was the Paik system?
Why were these kingdoms strong?
Case Study 3 – Trade in Medieval Port Cities
In medieval India, port cities like Surat and Calicut were very busy centers of trade. Traders from different parts of the world came here to buy and sell goods. Indian merchants exported cotton, spices, and indigo to foreign countries. In return, they received gold, silver, and other valuable items. Ships from Arabia, Europe, and Asia arrived at these ports regularly. Many languages were spoken, and people from different cultures interacted peacefully. Markets were crowded and full of activity. Trade increased because of safe routes and strong administration. These port cities became important for economic growth and cultural exchange.
Questions:
Name one important port city.
What goods were exported from India?
Which countries traded with India?
Why were port cities important?
Section G – Map/Activity-Based Question (5 marks):-On a map of India, mark the following:
- Delhi Sultanate region
- Mughal Empire
- Vijayanagara Empire
- Ahom Kingdom
- One port city (Surat/Calicut/Hooghly)
Section H – Thinking Skills (5 marks)
What might have happened if the Vijayanagara Empire had won the Battle of Talikota? Explain your ideas.
Section I – Fill in the Blanks (1 mark each)
- The main source of income for medieval kingdoms was __________.
- The Delhi Sultanate followed the __________ system.
- The Mughal Empire used the __________ system.
- Akbar followed the policy of __________ which means universal peace.
- The Ahom kingdom was located in the __________ valley.
- __________ warfare involves surprise attacks.
- The Vijayanagara Empire was protected by natural features like __________ and rivers.
- The __________ system was followed by the Ahoms.
- __________ means selfless service in Sikhism.
- Surat was an important __________ city.
Section J – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Which system was used by the Mughals?
a) Iqta system
b) Mansabdari system
c) Zamindari system
d) Jagirdari system
Who promoted the idea of Sulh-i-kul?
a) Alauddin Khilji
b) Babur
c) Akbar
d) Aurangzeb
The Ahom kingdom was located in:
a) Rajasthan
b) Punjab
c) Brahmaputra Valley
d) Gujarat
Guerrilla warfare means:
a) Fighting with elephants
b) Fighting in open fields
c) Surprise attacks
d) Fighting with guns
Which empire built strong forts for protection?
a) Mughal Empire
b) Vijayanagara Empire
c) Maurya Empire
d) Gupta Empire
What was the main export from India?
a) Machines
b) Cotton and spices
c) Oil
d) Iron
What does Seva mean?
a) War
b) Trade
c) Selfless service
d) Rule
Which port city was famous for trade?
a) Delhi
b) Agra
c) Surat
d) Patna
Section K – True or False
- The Mughal Empire was less stable than the Delhi Sultanate. (_____)
- The Mansabdari system was used by the Mughals. (_____)
- The Ahoms used guerrilla warfare. (_____)
- Vijayanagara had no natural protection. (_____)
- Akbar supported religious tolerance. (_____)
- Seva means selfish service. (_____)
- Trade increased due to safe roads. (_____)
- Port cities were centers of cultural exchange. (_____)
Section L – Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Akbar a. Iqta system
2. Delhi Sultanate b. Selfless service
3. Ahom Kingdom c. Sulh-i-kul
4. Seva d. Guerrilla warfare
5. Mughal Empire e. Mansabdari system
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