Class - 10 Economics, Chapter - 1, Development MCQs,Assertion–Reason.

Class - 10 Economics, Chapter - 1, Development

 MCQs,Assertion–Reason.

MCQs

1. Development of a country is generally measured by

A. Literacy rate

B. Per capita income

C. Health facilities

D. Life expectancy

Ans: B

2. Per capita income means

A. Total income of the country

B. Total income ÷ total population

C. Income of rich people

D. Income of government

Ans: B

3. Which organisation publishes the World Development Report?

A. IMF

B. WTO

C. World Bank

D. UNDP

Ans: C

4. Average income of a country is also called

A. National income

B. Per capita income

C. Gross income

D. Disposable income

Ans: B

5. If total income of a country increases but population increases faster, per capita income will

A. Increase

B. Decrease

C. Remain same

D. Become zero

Ans: B

6. Which of the following is a non-material indicator of development?

A. Income

B. House

C. Education

D. Car

Ans: C

7. Infant Mortality Rate indicates

A. Health condition

B. Education level

C. Income level

D. Employment

Ans: A

8. HDI is published by

A. World Bank

B. IMF

C. UNDP

D. WHO

Ans: C

9. Which of the following is included in HDI?

A. Per capita income

B. Life expectancy

C. Literacy rate

D. All of these

Ans: D

10. Sustainable development means

A. High growth

B. Growth without future harm

C. Industrial development

D. Urban development

Ans: B

11. Which state has higher per capita income?

A. Bihar

B. Haryana

C. Odisha

D. Assam

Ans: B

12. Development goals may vary because

A. People have same needs

B. People have different needs

C. Government decides

D. Income is equal

Ans: B

13. Which sector causes maximum pollution?

A. Agriculture

B. Service

C. Industrial

D. Household

Ans: C

14. HDI rank improves if

A. Income increases only

B. Education improves only

C. Health improves only

D. All improve together

Ans: D

15. Which is a renewable resource?

A. Coal

B. Petroleum

C. Forest

D. Natural gas

Ans: C

16. Which of the following is a public facility?

A. Private school

B. Shopping mall

C. Hospital

D. Five-star hotel

Ans: C

17. A rise in national income does not guarantee

A. Economic growth

B. Equal distribution

C. Development

D. Employment

Ans: B

18. BMI is related to

A. Education

B. Income

C. Health

D. Employment

Ans: C

19. Development includes

A. Economic growth only

B. Social progress only

C. Overall improvement

D. Industrial growth

Ans: C

20. Which factor is most important for sustainable development?

A. Overuse of resources

B. Conservation

C. Urbanisation

D. Industrialisation

Ans: B

21. Which of the following is the best indicator to compare living standards of different countries?

A. Total income

B. National income

C. Per capita income

D. Gross income

Ans: C

22. If a country’s population doubles but income remains same, per capita income will

A. Increase

B. Decrease

C. Remain unchanged

D. Become zero

Ans: B

23. Which of the following reflects quality of life?

A. Income alone

B. Literacy rate

C. Life expectancy

D. Both B and C

Ans: D

24. What is the main limitation of per capita income?

A. Difficult to calculate

B. Ignores distribution of income

C. Not published

D. Includes services

Ans: B

25. Which indicator is used to measure health status?

A. Literacy rate

B. BMI

C. Infant Mortality Rate

D. Per capita income

Ans: C

26. Which of the following is NOT included in HDI?

A. Income

B. Education

C. Life expectancy

D. Population density

Ans: D

27. Development refers to

A. Increase in income only

B. Increase in production

C. Overall improvement in well-being

D. Industrial growth

Ans: C

28. Sustainable development focuses on

A. Present needs only

B. Future needs only

C. Both present and future needs

D. Industrialisation

Ans: C

29. Which of the following is a renewable resource?

A. Coal

B. Petroleum

C. Wind energy

D. Natural gas

Ans: C

30. Which organisation publishes HDI?

A. World Bank

B. IMF

C. UNDP

D. WTO

Ans: C

31. A high infant mortality rate indicates

A. Good health facilities

B. Poor health conditions

C. High literacy

D. High income

Ans: B

32. What does literacy rate measure?

A. Income level

B. Employment

C. Percentage of literate people

D. Population growth

Ans: C

33. Which public facility directly improves health?

A. Roads

B. Transport

C. Hospitals

D. Markets

Ans: C

34. Which of the following can improve HDI rank?

A. Higher pollution

B. Better education and health

C. Higher population

D. Resource depletion

Ans: B

35. Development goals are different because

A. People are selfish

B. Needs vary among individuals

C. Government decides

D. Income is same

Ans: B

36. Which of the following is an example of non-material goal?

A. Car

B. House

C. Respect and security

D. Income

Ans: C

37. Which factor is essential for sustainable development?

A. Overuse of resources

B. Conservation

C. Deforestation

D. Industrial waste

Ans: B

38. Why are public facilities important?

A. They increase profit

B. They are luxury services

C. They improve quality of life

D. They increase population

Ans: C

39. National income does NOT show

A. Economic growth

B. Average income

C. Income inequality

D. Production

Ans: C

40. Which state generally has higher per capita income?

A. Bihar

B. Uttar Pradesh

C. Haryana

D. Odisha

Ans: C

41. Development includes

A. Economic growth only

B. Social and economic progress

C. Industrial growth only

D. Urbanisation

Ans: B

42. Which resource should be used judiciously?

A. Unlimited resources

B. Renewable resources

C. Non-renewable resources

D. Artificial resources

Ans: C

43. What is the main aim of development?

A. Maximum production

B. Profit making

C. Better life for people

D. Industrial expansion

Ans: C

44. Which indicator shows educational development?

A. Per capita income

B. Literacy rate

C. Life expectancy

D. IMR

Ans: B

45. Why income alone cannot ensure development?

A. It ignores health and education

B. It is difficult to measure

C. It is not useful

D. It is imaginary

Ans: A

46. Which of the following improves environmental sustainability?

A. Deforestation

B. Excess mining

C. Rainwater harvesting

D. Industrial waste

Ans: C

47. HDI value ranges between

A. 0 – 5

B. 0 – 10

C. 0 – 1

D. 1 – 100

Ans: C

48. Which country is generally ranked higher in HDI?

A. Low literacy country

B. High IMR country

C. High education & health country

D. Overpopulated country

Ans: C

49. Which sector contributes most to pollution?

A. Agriculture

B. Services

C. Industry

D. Household

Ans: C

50. Sustainable development ensures

A. Resource exhaustion

B. Long-term development

C. Fast growth

D. Industrial dominance

Ans: B

 Assertion – Reason Questions (10)

Choose the correct option:

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation

C. A is true but R is false

D. A is false but R is true

1. Assertion (A): Per capita income is used to compare countries.

Reason (R): It shows average income of people.

Ans: A

2. A: Different people have different development goals.

R: People live in different social and economic conditions.

Ans: A

3. A: HDI is a better indicator than per capita income.

R: HDI includes health and education indicators.

Ans: A

4. A: High income ensures high development.

R: Development depends only on income.

Ans: D

5. A: Sustainable development is necessary.

R: Resources are limited and exhaustible.

Ans: A

6. A: Literacy rate shows educational development.

R: It shows percentage of literate people.

Ans: A

7. A: Public facilities improve quality of life.

R: They are accessible to all people.

Ans: A

8. A: Industrialisation causes environmental degradation.

R: Industries release pollutants.

Ans: A

9. A: National income alone is sufficient to measure development.

R: It ignores inequality.

Ans: C

10. A: Infant mortality rate is high in developing countries.

R: Health facilities are inadequate.

Ans: A