पथिक

 Chapter 8: Building Blocks in Economics: The Problem of Choice 1. Economics – The word Economics comes from the Greek word Oikonomia. Oikos = Household Nemein = Management Economics is the study of how limited resources are used to satisfy unlimited human wants. Definition:- Economics deals with making the best use of scarce resources to satisfy unlimited needs and wants. 2. Needs and Wants Needs:-  Basic necessities required for survival. Food Water Shelter Clothing Healthcare Wants:-  Things that improve comfort and lifestyle. Mobile phones Cars Vacations Luxury items Gadgets Difference Needs                               Wants Essential                               Non-essential Limited                        ...

Worksheet – Chapter 5: State and Society up to 1000 CE Section A: Competency-Based MCQs 1.Which sequence correctly shows the evolution of political organisation in ancient India? A. Janapada → Family → Kingdom → Empire B. Family → Village → Clan → Empire C. Family → Jana → Janapada → Mahajanapada D. Empire → Mahajanapada → Janapada → Jana 2.A society mainly differs from a state because a society is primarily based on A. military power B. written constitution C. customs and traditions D. taxation 3.Which Veda is considered the oldest literary source of ancient Indian history? A. Sama Veda B. Atharva Veda C. Yajur Veda D. Rig Veda 4.A student wants to study ancient Indian music. Which Veda should the student study first? A. Sama Veda B. Atharva Veda C. Rig Veda D. Yajur Veda 5.The Upanishads mainly deal with A. military training B. philosophical knowledge C. agricultural techniques D. trade regulations 6.Which political institution represented a large public assembly during the Vedic Per...

 Chapter 5: State and Society up to 1000 CE 1. Introduction This chapter explains how Indian society and political systems evolved from the Vedic Age to 1000 CE. It describes the transition from small kin-based groups (Janas) to Janapadas, Mahajanapadas, kingdoms, republics, and powerful empires like the Mauryas, Guptas, and Cholas. It also highlights the importance of Dharma, Chakravarti Samrat, social organisation, and governance. 1. How were society and the state organised before 1000 CE? Society was based on families, clans (Jana), and villages. Political organisation gradually developed from clan chiefs to organised kingdoms. 2. How did states spread across India? Small settlements became Janapadas. Janapadas developed into Mahajanapadas. Powerful kingdoms later became empires like:- Maurya Empire, Gupta Empire, Chola Empire 3. How did Dharma and Chakravarti Samrat promote unity? Dharma acted as the moral foundation of society. Chakravarti Samrat represented the ideal ruler of...

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