Worksheet Chapter - 2 Disaster Preparedness and Regulatory Frameworks
Worksheet
Chapter - 2
Disaster Preparedness and Regulatory Frameworks
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
The letter "D" in DISASTER stands for:
(a) Danger
(b) Destruction
(c) Disease
(d) Damage
Cyclones develop over ocean waters with temperatures above:
(a) 20°C
(b) 22°C
(c) 26.5°C
(d) 30°C
The calm centre of a cyclone is called:
(a) Core
(b) Eye
(c) Focus
(d) Epicentre
Cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean are known as:
(a) Typhoons
(b) Willy-Willies
(c) Hurricanes
(d) Tornadoes
Which agency issues cyclone warnings in India?
(a) NASA
(b) IMD
(c) ISRO
(d) DRDO
Tsunami means:
(a) Ocean Wave
(b) Sea Storm
(c) Harbour Wave
(d) Giant Wave
Most tsunamis are caused by:
(a) Floods
(b) Undersea earthquakes
(c) Droughts
(d) Lightning
Earthquake magnitude is commonly measured using:
(a) Celsius Scale
(b) Beaufort Scale
(c) Richter Scale
(d) Kelvin Scale
EEZ extends up to:
(a) 100 nautical miles
(b) 150 nautical miles
(c) 200 nautical miles
(d) 250 nautical miles
MARPOL deals with:
(a) Ship safety
(b) Marine pollution prevention
(c) Labour welfare
(d) Maritime security
Section B: Fill in the Blanks
- Cyclones form around a __________ pressure centre.
- The centre of an earthquake inside the Earth is called the __________.
- The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is called the __________.
- The Indian Meteorological Department issues __________ warnings.
- Tsunami waves can travel up to __________ km/h in deep oceans.
- __________ forests help reduce tsunami impacts.
- SOLAS stands for Safety of Life at __________.
- The headquarters of IMO is in __________.
- ISPS Code is related to maritime __________.
- The International Labour Organization is abbreviated as __________.
Section C: True or False
- Cyclones develop over cold ocean waters. _______
- The eye of a cyclone is usually calm. _______
- Animal behaviour alone is a completely reliable tsunami warning system. _______
- Tsunamis can be caused by volcanic eruptions. _______
- Richter Scale measures earthquake magnitude. _______
- Mangroves help protect coastal areas. _______
- UNCLOS is known as the Constitution of the Oceans. _______
- EEDI promotes energy-efficient ship design. _______
- MLC 2006 protects the rights of seafarers. _______
- Paris MoU conducts ship inspections. _______
Section D: Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Cyclone (a) Harbour Wave
2. Tsunami (b) Ship Safety
3. SOLAS (c) Rotating Storm
4. MARPOL (d) Marine Pollution
5. UNCLOS (e) Law of the Sea
Section E: Assertion–Reason Questions
Choose the correct option:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Assertion (A): Cyclones form over warm oceans.
Reason (R): Warm water provides moisture and energy for cyclone formation.
Assertion (A): Tsunami waves become higher near coastlines.
Reason (R): Water becomes shallower near the coast.
Assertion (A): Mangrove forests reduce tsunami damage.
Reason (R): Mangroves absorb wave energy.
Assertion (A): MARPOL aims to prevent marine pollution.
Reason (R): It regulates pollution from ships.
Assertion (A): IMD issues cyclone warnings.
Reason (R): IMD monitors weather conditions and cyclones.
Section F: Very Short Answer Questions
- Define a cyclone.
- What is a tsunami?
- What is an epicentre?
- Name any two vulnerable coastal states of India.
- What is hazard mapping?
- Expand EEDI.
- What is an EEZ?
- What is the full form of SOLAS?
- What is a storm surge?
- Name two natural warning signs of a tsunami.
Section G: Short Answer Questions
- Explain any three conditions necessary for cyclone formation.
- Describe the role of IMD in cyclone management.
- Explain the major causes of tsunamis.
- What are the hazardous effects of tsunamis?
- Explain the importance of tree plantation in coastal areas.
- Differentiate between structural and non-structural mitigation measures.
- Explain the four stages of cyclone warning.
- Write any three safety measures during a tsunami.
Section H: Long Answer Questions
- Explain the formation, effects, and mitigation measures of cyclones.
- Describe tsunami detection methods and survival skills before, during, and after a tsunami.
- Explain the causes, effects, and safety measures of earthquakes.
- Discuss the role of international maritime rules and regulations in ensuring safety, security, and environmental protection.
Section I: Case Study Questions (HOTS)
Case Study – 1: Cyclone Preparedness
A severe cyclone is expected to hit the eastern coast of India within 48 hours. The IMD has issued warnings through television, radio, mobile alerts, and social media. Local authorities have started evacuating people to cyclone shelters. Coastal residents are securing their homes and preparing emergency kits.
Questions:
- Which stage of cyclone warning is likely in effect?
- Why is timely evacuation important?
- Name two items that should be included in an emergency kit.
- Mention one structural and one non-structural mitigation measure.
- How do cyclone shelters help reduce disaster losses?
Case Study – 2: Tsunami Emergency
A strong undersea earthquake occurs near a coastal region. Soon after, people observe the sea suddenly receding from the shore. Some birds fly inland and authorities issue a tsunami warning. Residents begin moving to higher ground.
Questions:
- What disaster is likely to occur?
- Why is the sea receding considered a warning sign?
- What role do DART buoys play in tsunami detection?
- Why should people move to higher ground?
- Name one natural and one scientific tsunami warning method.
Case Study – 3: Maritime Safety and Environment
An oil tanker suffers damage near an international shipping route. Oil begins leaking into the sea, threatening marine life and coastal ecosystems. International agencies and coastal authorities coordinate efforts to control the spill and compensate affected communities.
Questions:
- Which convention deals with oil pollution liability?
- Which convention helps prevent pollution from ships?
- What is the role of IOPC Funds?
- How can oil spills affect marine ecosystems?
- Why are international maritime regulations important?
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
- How can community awareness programs reduce the impact of cyclones and tsunamis?
- Why are early warning systems considered one of the most effective disaster management tools?
- Compare the effects of cyclones and tsunamis on coastal communities.
- Explain how climate change may increase the risks associated with cyclones.
- If you were a district disaster management officer, what five measures would you take to protect people living in a cyclone-prone coastal area?
- (b)
- (c)
- (b)
- (c)
- (b)
- (c)
- (b)
- (c)
- (c)
- (b)
- Low
- Focus (Hypocentre)
- Epicentre
- Cyclone
- 800
- Mangrove
- Sea
- London
- Security
- ILO
- False
- True
- False
- True
- True
- True
- True
- True
- True
- True
- (c)
- (a)
- (b)
- (d)
- (e)
- (a)
- (a)
- (a)
- (a)
- (a)
- A cyclone is a large-scale rotating storm system around a low-pressure centre.
- A tsunami is a series of giant ocean waves caused by sudden displacement of seawater.
- The point on the Earth's surface directly above the earthquake focus.
- Odisha, Andhra Pradesh. (Any two)
- Identification and mapping of disaster-prone areas.
- Energy Efficiency Design Index.
- A sea zone extending up to 200 nautical miles from a country's coastline.
- Safety of Life at Sea.
- An abnormal rise in sea level caused by a cyclone.
- Sudden sea withdrawal and unusual animal behaviour.
- Warm ocean water
- Low-pressure area
- Moist air and cyclonic circulation
- Loss of life and property
- Flooding
- Damage to crops and infrastructure
- Cyclone shelters
- Shelter belts
- Forecasting and warning systems
- Seismic monitoring stations
- DART buoys
- Tide gauges
- Satellite communication
- Emergency kit
- Learn evacuation routes
- Participate in drills
- Move to higher ground
- Follow warnings
- Stay away from the coast
- Avoid damaged areas
- Use safe drinking water
- Follow official instructions
- Plate movement
- Volcanic activity
- Fault movements
- Loss of life
- Building collapse
- Landslides and tsunamis
- Drop, Cover and Hold On
- Stay away from windows
- Follow emergency instructions
- Ensure maritime safety
- Prevent marine pollution
- Protect seafarers' rights
- Improve ship security
- Regulate international shipping
- Cyclone Alert
- To save lives and reduce injuries
- Drinking water, first-aid kit
- Structural – Cyclone shelter; Non-Structural – Warning system
- They provide safe evacuation centres
- Tsunami
- It indicates displacement of seawater
- Detect changes in water pressure caused by tsunami waves
- To avoid coastal flooding and wave impact
- Animal behaviour; DART buoys
- CLC
- MARPOL
- Provides compensation beyond CLC limits
- Damages marine life and ecosystems
- They ensure safety, environmental protection, and compensation mechanisms
- Strengthen early warning systems
- Build cyclone shelters
- Conduct evacuation drills
- Develop coastal shelter belts
- Promote community awareness and preparedness programs
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