Worksheet – Class 7
Chapter – 1 : The Story of Indian Farming
Section A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which crop is mainly grown in the Kharif season?
a) Wheat
b) Mustard
c) Rice
d) Gram
Answer: c) Rice
2. Which soil is best suited for cotton cultivation?
a) Red soil
b) Black soil
c) Desert soil
d) Alpine soil
Answer: b) Black soil
3. What is the process of separating grains from stalks called?
a) Irrigation
b) Grafting
c) Threshing
d) Ploughing
Answer: c) Threshing
4. Which monsoon brings rain from June to September?
a) Northeast monsoon
b) Winter monsoon
c) Southwest monsoon
d) Summer winds
Answer: c) Southwest monsoon
5. Which of the following is a Rabi crop?
a) Rice
b) Cotton
c) Wheat
d) Maize
Answer: c) Wheat
6. What is humus?
a) A type of seed
b) Decayed organic matter in soil
c) A farming machine
d) River water
Answer: b) Decayed organic matter in soil
7. Which irrigation method delivers water directly to roots?
a) Canal irrigation
b) Flood irrigation
c) Drip irrigation
d) Tank irrigation
Answer: c) Drip irrigation
8. Which ancient civilization mainly grew barley and wheat?
a) Mauryan Civilization
b) Harappan Civilization
c) Gupta Civilization
d) Mughal Civilization
Answer: b) Harappan Civilization
9. Which organization developed methods like beejamrit?
a) NASA
b) WHO
c) ICAR
d) RBI
Answer: c) ICAR
10. Which farming method helps protect the environment?
a) Overgrazing
b) Sustainable agriculture
c) Excessive chemicals
d) Deforestation
Answer: b) Sustainable agriculture
Section B – Fill in the Blanks
Agriculture comes from the Latin words __________ and __________.
Answer: Ager, Culture
Wheat is mainly a __________ crop.
Answer: Rabi
__________ soil is very fertile and found in river plains.
Answer: Alluvial
The Chinese traveler who observed India’s farming diversity was __________.
Answer: Xuanzang
__________ irrigation sprays water like artificial rain.
Answer: Sprinkler
Growing different crops in sequence is called __________.
Answer: Crop rotation
Rice and maize are examples of __________ crops.
Answer: Kharif
The Green Revolution began in India in the __________.
Answer: 1960s
__________ are areas grouped according to climate and soil.
Answer: Agroclimatic zones
__________ is the top layer of Earth where plants grow.
Answer: Soil
Section C – True or False
Black soil is good for cotton cultivation.
Answer: True
Zaid crops are grown during winter.
Answer: False
Monsoon rainfall is unimportant for farming in India.
Answer: False
Terrace farming is practised on hillsides.
Answer: True
Humus decreases soil fertility.
Answer: False
Drip irrigation wastes large amounts of water.
Answer: False
Farmers in Kerala mostly grow rice.
Answer: True
Crop rotation helps maintain soil fertility.
Answer: True
Harappans did not grow wheat.
Answer: False
Sustainable farming protects the environment.
Answer: True
Section D – Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Kharif crops a. Cotton
2. Black soil b. Crops grown in summer
3. Zaid crops c. Rice
4. Threshing d. Separating grains from stalks
5. Drip irrigation e. Water directly to roots
Answers:- 1 – c, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 – d, 5 – e
Section E – Very Short Answer Questions
1. What is agriculture?
Answer: Agriculture is the practice of growing crops and raising animals to produce food and useful products.
2. What are agroclimatic zones?
Answer: Agroclimatic zones are regions grouped according to climate, soil, land, and vegetation.
3. Name two sources of irrigation.
Answer: Canals and tube wells.
4. What is intercropping?
Answer: Growing two or more crops together in the same field is called intercropping.
5. What is soil conservation?
Answer: Soil conservation means protecting soil from erosion and damage.
Section F – Short Answer Questions
1. Why is monsoon important for Indian agriculture?
Answer: Monsoon provides rainfall needed for farming. Many crops depend on monsoon rains for proper growth and production.
2. Write any three advantages of modern farming methods.
Answer:
- Increase crop production
- Save time and labour
- Improve irrigation and farming efficiency
3. What is crop rotation? Why is it useful?
Answer: Crop rotation means growing different crops one after another on the same land. It helps maintain soil fertility and reduces pests.
4. Differentiate between rain-fed and irrigated agriculture.
Answer:
- Rain-fed agriculture depends only on rainfall.
- Irrigated agriculture uses artificial water sources like canals and tube wells.
5. Mention any three challenges faced by farmers today.
Answer:
- Small landholdings
- Climate change
- High cost of machines
Section G – Long Answer Questions
1. Explain the three crop seasons in India.
Answer:- India has three main crop seasons:
- Kharif Season:- Crops are sown during June–July and harvested in September–October. Examples are rice, maize, and cotton.
- Rabi Season:- Crops are sown in October–November and harvested in March–April. Examples are wheat, mustard, and gram.
- Zaid Season:- These are short-duration crops grown between March and June. Examples are watermelon, muskmelon, and vegetables.
These crop seasons depend on climate, rainfall, and temperature.
2. Explain traditional and modern agricultural practices.
Answer:
- Traditional farming uses simple tools, animal power, natural manure, and depends on rainfall. It is eco-friendly and low-cost but gives lower production.
- Modern farming uses machines, HYV seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation systems. It increases production and saves time but may harm the environment if used excessively.
- A balanced use of both methods is called sustainable agriculture.
Section H – Assertion and Reason Questions
1.
Assertion (A): Black soil is suitable for cotton cultivation.
Reason (R): Black soil can retain moisture for a long time.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2.
Assertion (A): Monsoon is important for farming in India.
Reason (R): Most Indian farmers depend on rainfall for crops.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
3.
Assertion (A): Crop rotation improves soil fertility.
Reason (R): The same crop uses the same nutrients repeatedly.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
4.
Assertion (A): Drip irrigation saves water.
Reason (R): Water is supplied directly to plant roots.
Answer: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Section I – Case Study Based Questions
Case Study – 1
Ramesh is a farmer from Punjab. He mainly grows wheat during the winter season. He uses tube wells and tractors for farming. Due to less rainfall, he depends on irrigation for his crops. Recently, he started using HYV seeds to increase production.
Questions:
Which crop season is mentioned here?
Answer: Rabi season
Which crop does Ramesh grow?
Answer: Wheat
Name one modern farming method used by Ramesh.
Answer: HYV seeds / tractors
Why does he depend on irrigation?
Answer: Due to less rainfall.
Case Study – 2
Meena lives in Kerala where there is heavy rainfall. Farmers in her region mainly grow rice. Some farmers also use drip irrigation and organic manure. The region receives rainfall from both the southwest and northeast monsoons.
Questions:
Which crop is mainly grown in Kerala?
Answer: Rice
Which two monsoons bring rainfall to this region?
Answer: Southwest monsoon and Northeast monsoon
Name one eco-friendly farming method mentioned here.
Answer: Use of organic manure
Why is farming easier in Kerala?
Answer: Because the region receives heavy rainfall from both monsoons.
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