The Rise of Nationalism in Europe MCQs – Assertation- Reason Picture Based Questions

The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

• MCQs –  
• Assertation- Reason
• Picture Based Questions

1. The first clear expression of nationalism in Europe came with—

A. French Revolution

B. Russian Revolution

C. Industrial Revolution

D. Vienna Congress

Answer: A

2. What was a major feature of the French Revolution?

A. Creation of a parliament

B. Removal of monarchy

C. Transfer of sovereignty to the people

D. Division of France into provinces

Answer: C

3. Who introduced the Civil Code of 1804?

A. Cavour

B. Garibaldi

C. Napoleon

D. Metternich

Answer: C

4. Which of the following reforms was NOT introduced by Napoleon?

A. Uniform civil code

B. Abolition of feudal system

C. Creation of a new aristocracy

D. Uniform system of weights and measures

Answer: C

5. What was the main purpose of the Zollverein?

A. Political unification

B. Military control

C. Economic unification

D. Religious unity

Answer: C

6. In which year was the Frankfurt Parliament convened?

A. 1815

B. 1848

C. 1832

D. 1871

Answer: B

7. Which class dominated the Frankfurt Parliament?

A. Peasants

B. Workers

C. Middle-class professionals

D. Aristocrats

Answer: C

8. Who was proclaimed the German Emperor in 1871?

A. William I of Prussia

B. Bismarck

C. Adolf Hitler

D. Kaiser Friedrich

Answer: A

9. Which of the following was NOT a part of the 1848 revolutions?

A. Demand for written constitution

B. Demand for parliamentary government

C. Demand for unity among nationalities

D. Demand for military dictatorship

Answer: D

10. The unification of Italy was completed in—

A. 1832

B. 1848

C. 1861

D. 1871

Answer: D

11. The Italian state that led the unification movement was—

A. Venice

B. Sardinia–Piedmont

C. Lombardy

D. Rome

Answer: B

12. Who was the Prime Minister of Sardinia–Piedmont?

A. Cavour

B. Mazzini

C. Garibaldi

D. Napoleon III

Answer: A

13. Which philosopher used folk tales as a tool of nationalism?

A. Johann Fichte

B. Herder

C. Rousseau

D. Montesquieu

Answer: B

14. Which country supported Greek independence?

A. England

B. France

C. Russia

D. All of the above

Answer: D

15. The allegory representing the German nation was—

A. Marianne

B. Germania

C. Britannia

D. Helvetia

Answer: B

16. The main demand of the Treaty of Vienna was:

A. To divide France

B. Restore conservative monarchies

C. Promote liberal ideas

D. Support nationalist leaders

Answer: B

17. Which war completed the unification of Germany?

A. Austro-Prussian War

B. Franco–Prussian War

C. Seven Weeks’ War

D. Danish War

Answer: B

18. The famous painting “Liberty Leading the People” was created by—

A. Delacroix

B. Picasso

C. Sorrieu

D. Turner

Answer: A

19. Who said: “Italy has made itself by its own strength”?

A. Bismarck

B. Cavour

C. Mazzini

D. Metternich

Answer: C

20. Which of the following was a direct result of the French Revolution?

A. End of absolute monarchy

B. Emergence of republic

C. Spread of nationalism

D. All of the above

Answer: D

21. The Habsburg Empire ruled over—

A. A culturally diverse population

B. Only Germans

C. Only Italians

D. Only French

Answer: A

22. Who led the movement for Polish language revival?

A. Clergy

B. Students

C. Nobles

D. Businessmen

Answer: A

23. Which of the following was NOT an outcome of the 1830 Revolution in France?

A. Fall of Bourbon monarchy

B. Louis Philippe became king

C. France became a republic

D. People established constitutional monarchy

Answer: C

24. Which event symbolises the end of feudalism in Europe?

A. French Revolution

B. Treaty of Vienna

C. Greek War

D. Unification of Germany

Answer: A

25. What did the Romantics believe?

A. Mathematics is superior

B. We should glorify science

C. Feelings, emotions and national spirit matter

D. Art is unnecessary

Answer: C

26. Sorrieu’s painting shows the march of nations towards—

A. Stateless society

B. Democracy and liberty

C. Dictatorship

D. Socialism

Answer: B

27. Which constitution offered to the Prussian King by the Frankfurt Parliament was rejected because—

A. It was too liberal

B. It was too conservative

C. It was incomplete

D. It lacked equality

Answer: A

28. Which one of the following was not a part of the Revolutionary ideology?

A. Equality

B. Liberty

C. Fraternity

D. Serfdom

Answer: D

29. Which year is known as the “Year of Revolutions”?

A. 1789

B. 1815

C. 1848

D. 1871

Answer: C

30. Which of these symbols is associated with Marianne?

A. Cap of liberty

B. Olive branch

C. Red flag

D. Both A and B

Answer: D

31. What was the significance of oak leaves in German allegory?

A. Peace

B. Strength and heroism

C. Trade

D. Agriculture

Answer: B

32. The three colours of the French flag stand for—

A. Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

B. Religion, Law, Order

C. Army, Navy, Airforce

D. None

Answer: A

33. Which treaty ended the Napoleonic wars?

A. Treaty of Vienna

B. Treaty of Versailles

C. Treaty of Constantinople

D. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Answer: A

34. Who hosted the Congress of Vienna in 1815?

A. Kaiser William I

B. Otto von Bismarck

C. Duke Metternich

D. Giuseppe Garibaldi

Answer: C

35. The term ‘Nation-State’ refers to—

A. A state ruled by foreign powers

B. A state whose people share a common identity

C. A state governed by the army

D. A state formed by dynasties

Answer: B

36. Who was the leader of the unification of Germany?

A. Mazzini

B. Bismarck

C. Napoleon

D. Metternich

Answer: B

37. Which country became a nation-state after the 1830 revolution?

A. Germany

B. Belgium

C. Italy

D. Poland

Answer: B

38. Who was the founder of Young Italy?

A. Garibaldi

B. Bismarck

C. Mazzini

D. Victor Emmanuel II

Answer: C

39. Who was proclaimed the King of united Italy?

A. Garibaldi

B. Victor Emmanuel II

C. Cavour

D. Mazzini

Answer: B

40. Which philosopher said that “the state has no right to interfere in individual’s freedom”?

A. Johann Fichte

B. Montesquieu

C. Rousseau

D. Voltaire

Answer: C

41. The famous painting ‘Germania’ was prepared by—

A. Lorenz Clasen

B. Delacroix

C. Daumier

D. Zolle

Answer: A

42. Who defeated Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo (1815)?

A. Duke Metternich

B. King Louis XVIII

C. Duke of Wellington

D. Giuseppe Garibaldi

Answer: C

43. Which of the following is NOT associated with liberal nationalism?

A. Freedom of press

B. Equality before law

C. Freedom of markets

D. Absence of private property

Answer: D

44. Zollverein was a—

A. Customs union

B. Military alliance

C. Political club

D. Liberal organisation

Answer: A

45. Who formed the Red Shirts?

A. Mazzini

B. Cavour

C. Garibaldi

D. Napoleon

Answer: C

46. “When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold” was said by—

A. Bismarck

B. Metternich

C. Cavour

D. Napoleon

Answer: B

47. The allegory of France is—

A. Germania

B. Britannia

C. Marianne

D. Italia Turrita

Answer: C

B. ASSERTION–REASON QUESTIONS (10)

Q1.

Assertion (A): The Treaty of Vienna (1815) restored monarchies in Europe.

Reason (R): The participants at Vienna wanted to bring back the conservative order.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true, but R is false.

D. A is false, but R is true.

Answer: A

Q2.

A: Liberal nationalism stressed on freedom and equality.

R: Liberal nationalism rejected the concept of government by consent.

Answer: C

Q3.

A: Zollverein helped in economic unification of Germany.

R: It abolished internal custom duties.

Answer: A

Q4.

A: Mazzini was against monarchy.

R: He wanted to establish a democratic republic.

Answer: A

Q5.

A: Italy was unified in 1871.

R: Rome was the last state to join Italy.

Answer: A

Q6.

A: Nationalism in Europe was closely linked with culture.

R: Folk songs, dances, and poetry created a sense of shared heritage.

Answer: A

Q7.

A: Napoleon’s administrative reforms were welcomed by the people.

R: His army brought destruction and conflicts wherever they went.

Answer: B

Q8.

A: Greece became an independent nation in 1832.

R: Greek War of Independence got support from artists and poets of Europe.

Answer: A

Q9.

A: The Frankfurt Parliament failed to unify Germany.

R: The King of Prussia refused to accept the crown offered by the parliament.

Answer: A

Q10.

A: Ireland was divided into two parts.

R: The southern part gained independence but the northern remained under the UK.

Answer: A

C. PICTURE-BASED QUESTIONS (HIGHLY IMPORTANT FOR CBSE)

1. Picture of “Germania” (Female figure with crown & sword)

Question: Identify the allegory and explain any two features visible in the image.

Answer:

The figure is Germania, symbol of German nation.

Features:

Sword – readiness to fight.

Crown of oak leaves – heroism.

Breastplate with eagle – German strength.

2. Picture: “Marianne” (Female figure representing France)

Question: What does the image represent? Mention any two symbols.

Answer:

Represents French nation.

Symbols:

Red cap of liberty

Tricolour flag

Olive branch (peace)

3. Picture: “The Dream of Worldwide Democratic and Social Republic – 1848” (Painter: Frederic Sorrieu)

Question: What message does the painting convey?

Answer:

Shows people of nations marching towards Statue of Liberty.

Symbolizes rise of democratic & national ideals.

Represents the hope for a world of nations.

4. Picture: Italian unification map

Question: Identify the leader who led the expedition of the thousand.

Answer:

Giuseppe Garibaldi.

5. Picture: Bismarck with sword / German unification map

Question: How did Bismarck unify Germany?

Answer:

Through policy of "Blood and Iron"

Led three wars (Denmark, Austria, France)

6. Picture: Congress of Vienna sitting

Question: What was the main aim of the Congress of Vienna?

Answer:

To restore monarchies.

To create balance of power in Europe.