Worksheet: Geography (Class 9)
Chapter 3 – The Dynamic Atmosphere and Changing Climate
Section A – Very Short Answer (1 mark each)
(Answer in one or two sentences)
- What is the atmosphere?
- Name the two most abundant gases in the atmosphere.
- What is climate?
- What is weather?
- Define lapse rate.
- Which layer of the atmosphere contains weather phenomena?
- What is the ozone layer?
- What is humidity?
- What is a tributary?
- What is carbon footprint?
Section B – Short Answer Questions (2–3 marks each)
- Why is the atmosphere important for life on Earth?
- Differentiate between weather and climate.
- Explain any three functions of water vapour.
- What is atmospheric pressure? How does it change with altitude?
- Write any three causes of climate change.
- What is a flash flood? Mention its causes.
- Explain the role of dust particles in the atmosphere.
- What are the main features of the troposphere?
Section C – Long Answer Questions (4–5 marks each)
- Describe the structure of the atmosphere with all five layers.
- Explain the advancing monsoon season in India.
- Discuss the effects of climate change on Earth.
- Explain the distribution of rainfall in India.
- Describe the retreating monsoon season and its features.
Section D – Assertion and Reason (1 - marks each) :- (Choose the correct option)
Options:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true
Assertion: The stratosphere is important for life on Earth.
Reason: It contains the ozone layer which absorbs UV rays.
Assertion: Atmospheric pressure decreases with height.
Reason: Air becomes thinner at higher altitudes.
Assertion: High humidity causes dry weather.
Reason: High humidity means more water vapour in air.
Assertion: Flash floods are difficult to predict.
Reason: They occur suddenly due to intense rainfall.
Section E – Case Study Based Questions (5 marks)
Read the passage and answer the questions:
Case Study: Atmosphere and Climate
The Earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere. It contains important gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide that support life. The atmosphere also protects us from the Sun’s harmful rays and helps maintain temperature. The lowest layer, called the troposphere, is where we live and where all weather changes take place. Climate means the average weather condition of a place over a long time. In India, climate is mainly affected by monsoon winds which bring rainfall. Some areas receive heavy rainfall, while others get very little. Today, climate is changing due to human activities like pollution and deforestation. This leads to problems like global warming, floods, and droughts. We can help protect the Earth by saving energy and planting trees.
Questions
What is the atmosphere?
Which layer do we live in?
What is climate?
Name one cause of climate change.
Suggest one way to protect the environment.
Case Study 2: Layers of the Atmosphere
The atmosphere is divided into different layers based on height and temperature. The lowest layer is the troposphere, where all weather activities like rain and clouds occur. Above it is the stratosphere, which contains the ozone layer that protects us from harmful rays of the Sun. The mesosphere is the coldest layer where meteors burn up. The thermosphere is very hot and helps in communication through radio waves. The outermost layer is the exosphere, where satellites move around the Earth. Each layer has its own importance in protecting life and supporting modern technology.
Questions
Which layer contains the ozone layer?
Where do meteors burn?
Which is the hottest layer?
Where do satellites revolve?
Why is the atmosphere important?
Case Study 3: Monsoon and Climate Change
India has a monsoon type climate, which means rainfall mainly comes from seasonal winds. The Southwest Monsoon brings rain from June to September and is very important for farming. Farmers depend on this rainfall to grow crops like rice and cotton. However, rainfall is not equal everywhere. Some areas get heavy rain, while others face drought. Climate change is affecting the monsoon pattern, making rainfall irregular. This can lead to floods in some areas and water shortage in others. People can help by saving water, planting trees, and reducing pollution.
Questions
What type of climate does India have?
When does the Southwest Monsoon occur?
Why is monsoon important for farmers?
What problem is caused by irregular rainfall?
Suggest one way to reduce climate change.
Section F – Map/Skill Based Questions (4 marks):- On the outline map of India:
a) Mark an area of heavy rainfall
b) Mark an area of low rainfall
c) Show the direction of the Arabian Sea branch
d) Label one monsoon-affected state
Section G – Creative Thinking (4 marks)
Why is the monsoon called a “unifying bond” in India? Explain with examples.
How can students help reduce carbon footprint in daily life?
Section H – Activity / Project Work (Internal Assessment)
- Make a chart showing the layers of the atmosphere with their features.
- Observe the weather for 5 days and record:
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Wind condition
- Write a short conclusion about the weather pattern.
Section I – Fill in the Blanks (1 mark each)
- The lowest layer of the atmosphere is __________.
- __________ measures atmospheric pressure.
- The hottest layer is __________.
- Rainfall is measured using a __________.
- The gas used by plants in photosynthesis is __________.
Section J – Match the Following (1 mark each)
Column A Column B
(a) Troposphere (i) Meteors burn
(b) Mesosphere (ii) Weather occurs
(c) Stratosphere (iii) Ozone layer
(d) Exosphere (iv) Satellites
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