Chapter 1: Nutrition in Plants Worksheet

Bhupendra Rawat -

 

Chapter 1: Nutrition in Plants

Worksheet 

Class - 7 Chapter 1: Nutrition in Plants Worksheet


A. Multiple Choice Questions 

  1. Organisms that prepare their own food are called:
    (a) Heterotrophs (b) Autotrophs (c) Parasites (d) Saprotrophs

  2. The green pigment present in leaves is:
    (a) Starch (b) Chlorophyll (c) Glucose (d) Protein

  3. Which gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?
    (a) Oxygen (b) Nitrogen (c) Carbon dioxide (d) Hydrogen

  4. Tiny pores present on the surface of leaves are called:
    (a) Vessels (b) Stomata (c) Veins (d) Root hairs

  5. The food produced during photosynthesis is mainly stored as:
    (a) Protein (b) Fat (c) Starch (d) Minerals

  6. Which of the following is a parasitic plant?
    (a) Rose (b) Cuscuta (c) Mango (d) Grass

  7. Which plant traps and digests insects?
    (a) Cuscuta (b) Pitcher plant (c) Mango (d) Pea

  8. Organisms that obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter are called:
    (a) Autotrophs (b) Parasites (c) Saprotrophs (d) Hosts

  9. Which bacterium helps in fixing atmospheric nitrogen?
    (a) Lactobacillus (b) Rhizobium (c) Yeast (d) Amoeba

  10. Which of the following is necessary for photosynthesis?
    (a) Sunlight (b) Chlorophyll (c) Carbon dioxide (d) All of these

  11. The plant on which a parasite lives is called:
    (a) Saprotroph (b) Host (c) Autotroph (d) Producer

  12. Which organism is an example of a saprotroph?
    (a) Cuscuta (b) Mushroom (c) Pitcher plant (d) Rose

  13. Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
    (a) Carbon dioxide (b) Oxygen (c) Nitrogen (d) Hydrogen

  14. Lichen is an example of:
    (a) Parasitism (b) Symbiosis (c) Predation (d) Competition

  15. Which of these is a leguminous plant?
    (a) Gram (b) Wheat (c) Rice (d) Maize

B. Fill in the Blanks 

  1. Green plants are called autotrophs because they prepare their own food.
  2. The green pigment in leaves is called chlorophyll.
  3. Plants take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
  4. The tiny pores present on leaves are called stomata.
  5. The food prepared by plants is stored in the form of starch.
  6. Cuscuta is a parasitic plant.
  7. Fungi obtain food from dead and decaying matter.
  8. The bacterium that helps in nitrogen fixation is called Rhizobium.
  9. Plants need sunlight, water and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
  10. The relationship in which two organisms live together and share nutrients or shelter is called symbiosis.

C. True or False 

  1. Green plants are autotrophs. — True
  2. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis. — True
  3. Plants take in oxygen as the raw material for photosynthesis. — False
  4. Cuscuta is a parasitic plant. — True
  5. Fungi are generally saprotrophs. — True
  6. Rhizobium is found in the roots of leguminous plants. — True
  7. Stomata help in the exchange of gases. — True
  8. Photosynthesis produces oxygen. — True
  9. Pitcher plants cannot carry out photosynthesis. — False
  10. Plants obtain nitrogen directly from atmospheric nitrogen gas. — False

D. Match the Following 

Column AAnswerColumn B
1. Chlorophyll(c)Green pigment
2. Cuscuta(d)Parasite
3. Rhizobium(a)Nitrogen-fixing bacterium
4. Stomata(e)Gas exchange
5. Mushroom(j)Fungi
6. Pitcher plant(g)Insectivorous plant
7. Lichen(h)Symbiotic association
8. Plant providing food to Cuscuta(f)Host
9. Photosynthesis(i)Food-making process
10. Saprotroph(b)Dead and decaying matter

E. Assertion–Reason 

Options:
A. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B. Both are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation.
C. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
D. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

1. Assertion: Green plants are called autotrophs.

Reason: They can prepare their own food from simple substances.

Answer: A

2. Assertion: Leaves are called the food factories of plants.

Reason: Photosynthesis mainly takes place in green leaves.

Answer: A

3. Assertion: Cuscuta is called a parasite.

Reason: It obtains ready-made food from the plant on which it grows.

Answer: A

4. Assertion: Plants need nitrogen for their growth.

Reason: Nitrogen is required for making proteins and other substances.

Answer: A

5. Assertion: Fungi are called saprotrophs.

Reason: They obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter.

Answer: A

F. Very Short Answer Questions 

1. What is nutrition?

Answer: Nutrition is the mode of taking food by an organism and its utilisation by the body.

2. Define autotrophic nutrition.

Answer: It is the mode of nutrition in which organisms prepare their own food from simple substances.

3. What is photosynthesis?

Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare food using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.

4. Name the green pigment present in leaves.

Answer: Chlorophyll.

5. What are stomata?

Answer: Stomata are tiny pores present on the surface of leaves through which gases are exchanged.

6. Name one parasitic plant.

Answer: Cuscuta.

7. What is a host?

Answer: A host is a plant on which a parasite lives and from which it obtains food.

8. Name one insectivorous plant.

Answer: Pitcher plant.

9. What are saprotrophs?

Answer: Organisms that obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter are called saprotrophs.

10. Name the bacterium that fixes atmospheric nitrogen.

Answer: Rhizobium.

G. Short Answer Questions 

1. Why are green plants called autotrophs?

Answer: Green plants can prepare their own food from carbon dioxide and water using sunlight and chlorophyll. Therefore, they are called autotrophs.

2. What are the four essential requirements for photosynthesis?

Answer: The four essential requirements are:

  1. Sunlight
  2. Chlorophyll
  3. Carbon dioxide
  4. Water

3. Explain the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.

Answer: Chlorophyll is the green pigment in leaves. It captures the energy of sunlight, which is used by plants to prepare food.

4. How do roots and vessels help plants in nutrition?

Answer: Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. Vessels transport these materials from the roots to the leaves.

5. Why are leaves called the food factories of plants?

Answer: Leaves contain chlorophyll and are the main sites of photosynthesis. They prepare food for the plant, so they are called food factories.

6. What is the role of stomata in photosynthesis?

Answer: Stomata are tiny pores on leaves. They allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and help in the exchange of gases.

7. Differentiate between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.

Autotrophic NutritionHeterotrophic Nutrition
Organisms prepare their own food.Organisms obtain food from other organisms.
Green plants show this mode.Animals and some plants show this mode.
Example: green plantsExample: humans

8. Why is Cuscuta called a parasite?

Answer: Cuscuta lacks chlorophyll and cannot prepare its own food. It obtains ready-made food from the plant on which it grows. Therefore, it is called a parasite.

9. How do fungi obtain their food?

Answer: Fungi obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter. They absorb the nutrients from the material on which they grow. Therefore, they are saprotrophs.

10. What is symbiosis? Give the example of lichen.

Answer: Symbiosis is a relationship in which two organisms live together and share nutrients and/or shelter. In lichen, an alga and a fungus live together. The alga provides food, while the fungus provides shelter, water and minerals. Chapter 1 Nutrition in Plant cl…

H. Long Answer Questions 

1. Explain the process of photosynthesis.

Answer:
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their food. The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. Carbon dioxide enters the leaves through stomata. Chlorophyll present in the leaves captures sunlight. Using solar energy, carbon dioxide and water are converted into carbohydrates. Oxygen is released during this process.

Equation:

Carbon dioxide + Water → Carbohydrate + Oxygen
(Sunlight and chlorophyll)

Thus, photosynthesis provides food and releases oxygen. 

2. Describe how water, minerals and carbon dioxide reach the leaves.

Answer:
Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. These are transported to the leaves through vessels that run through the roots, stem, branches and leaves. Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere enters the leaves through tiny pores called stomata. These raw materials reach the leaves, where photosynthesis takes place. 

3. Explain the different modes of nutrition found in plants.

Answer:
Plants show different modes of nutrition:

  1. Autotrophic nutrition: Green plants prepare their own food by photosynthesis.
  2. Parasitic nutrition: Cuscuta obtains food from a living host plant.
  3. Insectivorous nutrition: Pitcher plants trap and digest insects to obtain nutrients.
  4. Saprotrophic nutrition: Fungi obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter.
  5. Symbiotic nutrition: Two organisms live together and share nutrients or shelter, as in lichen.

4. What are parasitic and insectivorous plants?

Answer:
A parasitic plant obtains food from a living host. Cuscuta is an example. It lacks chlorophyll and takes ready-made food from its host.

An insectivorous plant traps and digests insects. The pitcher plant is an example. Although it can photosynthesise, it obtains additional nutrients by digesting insects. 

5. Explain saprotrophic nutrition in fungi.

Answer:
Fungi do not have chlorophyll and cannot prepare food by photosynthesis. They obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter. They grow on materials such as moist bread, rotting wood and other decaying substances and absorb nutrients from them. This mode of nutrition is called saprotrophic nutrition, and fungi showing it are called saprotrophs. 

6. Explain the importance of nitrogen and the role of Rhizobium.

Answer:
Nitrogen is required by plants to synthesise proteins and other essential substances. Although nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere, plants cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly.

Rhizobium bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use. Rhizobium commonly lives in the roots of leguminous plants such as gram, peas, beans and moong. Both the plant and bacteria benefit from this association, which is called symbiosis. 

7. What is symbiosis? Explain the relationship between the alga and fungus in lichen.

Answer:
Symbiosis is a relationship in which two organisms live together and share nutrients and shelter.

In lichen:

  • The alga contains chlorophyll and prepares food.
  • The fungus provides shelter, water and minerals to the alga.
  • The alga provides food to the fungus.

Thus, both organisms benefit from their association. 

MCQ:

1-B, 2-B, 3-C, 4-B, 5-C, 6-B, 7-B, 8-C, 9-B, 10-D, 11-B, 12-B, 13-B, 14-B, 15-A

Fill in the blanks:

  1. Autotrophs
  2. Chlorophyll
  3. Carbon dioxide
  4. Stomata
  5. Starch
  6. Cuscuta
  7. Dead
  8. Rhizobium
  9. Sunlight
  10. Symbiosis

True/False:
1-T, 2-T, 3-F, 4-T, 5-T, 6-T, 7-T, 8-T, 9-F, 10-F

Assertion–Reason:
1-A, 2-A, 3-A, 4-A, 5-A

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