Chapter 6: Democracy Worksheet Class 9 Social Science NCERT BOOK

Class 9 Social Science Chapter 6: Democracy Worksheet

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Democracy is a form of government in which ultimate power lies with:

A. Parliament

B. Judiciary

C. The People

D. The President

2. India is known as the world's ______ democracy.

A. Oldest

B. Largest

C. Youngest

D. Richest

3. The Constitution of India was adopted on:

A. 15 August 1947

B. 26 January 1950

C. 26 November 1949

D. 2 October 1948

4. The Constitution came into force on:

A. 26 January 1950

B. 26 November 1949

C. 15 August 1947

D. 30 January 1950

5. Which ancient institution reflects democratic traditions in India?

A. Sabha

B. Parliament

C. Cabinet

D. Lok Sabha

6. Aikyamatya Suktam of the Rigveda emphasizes:

A. War

B. Trade

C. Collective thinking

D. Agriculture

7. The Bauddha Sangha encouraged:

A. Dictatorship

B. Debate and voting

C. Monarchy

D. Military rule

8. The Constituent Assembly was formed in:

A. 1945

B. 1946

C. 1947

D. 1950

9. It took the Constituent Assembly ______ to draft the Constitution.

A. 1 year

B. 2 years 11 months 18 days

C. 3 years

D. 4 years

10. Which Article provides for amendment of the Constitution?

A. Article 32

B. Article 21A

C. Article 368

D. Article 46

11. Popular Sovereignty means:

A. Power belongs to the army

B. Power belongs to the judiciary

C. Power belongs to the people

D. Power belongs to the President

12. Universal Adult Franchise gives voting rights to citizens aged:

A. 16 years

B. 17 years

C. 18 years

D. 21 years

13. Secret Ballot helps in:

A. Maintaining voter privacy

B. Increasing taxes

C. Electing judges

D. Making laws

14. Rule of Law means:

A. Government is above law

B. Everyone is equal before law

C. Ministers make all decisions

D. Courts cannot review laws

15. Which Fundamental Right is related to Articles 14–18?

A. Freedom

B. Equality

C. Religion

D. Constitutional Remedies

16. Right to Freedom is covered under Articles:

A. 19–22

B. 23–24

C. 25–28

D. 29–30

17. Article 21A relates to:

A. Right to Vote

B. Right to Education

C. Right to Equality

D. Right to Property

18. Which Fundamental Right protects citizens from forced labour?

A. Right to Freedom

B. Right Against Exploitation

C. Cultural Rights

D. Constitutional Remedies

19. Article 32 deals with:

A. Right to Education

B. Constitutional Remedies

C. Freedom of Religion

D. Equality

20. Which organ of government makes laws?

A. Executive

B. Judiciary

C. Legislature

D. Election Commission

21. Which organ implements laws?

A. Judiciary

B. Executive

C. Legislature

D. Parliament

22. The Judiciary mainly:

A. Makes laws

B. Implements laws

C. Interprets laws

D. Conducts elections

23. Separation of powers helps in:

A. Concentration of power

B. Checks and balances

C. Military control

D. One-party rule

24. PIL stands for:

A. Public Information Law

B. Public Interest Litigation

C. Public Indian Law

D. People's International Law

25. RTI Act was enacted in:

A. 1996

B. 2000

C. 2005

D. 2010

26. RTI mainly promotes:

A. Corruption

B. Transparency

C. Regionalism

D. Monopoly

27. In a multi-party system:

A. Only one party contests

B. Two parties contest

C. Several parties contest elections

D. No political party exists

28. Representation of the People Act was passed in:

A. 1949

B. 1950

C. 1951

D. 1952

29. Article 46 aims to protect:

A. Foreign citizens

B. Weaker Sections

C. Businessmen

D. Government employees

30. Civil Society mainly consists of:

A. Courts

B. NGOs and voluntary groups

C. Political parties

D. Police

31. Question Hour is held in:

A. Parliament

B. Courts

C. Schools

D. Banks

32. Media is known as the:

A. First Pillar

B. Second Pillar

C. Third Pillar

D. Fourth Pillar

33. Which country follows Direct Democracy?

A. India

B. Canada

C. Switzerland

D. USA

34. India follows which type of democracy?

A. Direct Democracy

B. Presidential Democracy

C. Parliamentary Democracy

D. Dictatorship

35. In Parliamentary Democracy, the Executive is accountable to:

A. Army

B. Legislature

C. President only

D. Judiciary

Answer:- 1–35: C, B, C, A, A, C, B, B, B, C, C, C, A, B, B, A, B, B, B, C, B, C, B, B, C, B, C, C, B, B, A, D, C, C, B

Section B : True / False

36. Democracy gives ultimate power to citizens.

37. India's Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950.

38. Sabha and Samiti were democratic institutions in ancient India.

39. Article 368 deals with Constitutional amendments.

40. Rule of Law means some people are above the law.

41. The Executive interprets laws.

42. RTI Act promotes transparency in government.

43. Switzerland is an example of Direct Democracy.

44. Media is called the Fourth Pillar of Democracy.

45. Article 46 protects weaker sections of society.

Answer:- 36–45: True, True, True, True, False, False, True, True, True, True

Section C : Fill in the Blanks

46. Democracy is a government of the __________.

47. India is the world's largest __________.

48. The Constitution was adopted on __________.

49. The Constitution came into force on __________.

50. __________ allows every citizen aged 18 years and above to vote.

51. __________ means everyone is equal before the law.

52. Article __________ provides for amendment of the Constitution.

53. The RTI Act was passed in the year __________.

54. __________ is known as the Fourth Pillar of Democracy.

55. Switzerland follows __________ Democracy.

Answer:- 46–55: People, Democracy, 26 November 1949, 26 January 1950, Universal Adult Franchise, Rule of Law, 368, 2005, Media, Direct

Section D: Match the Following

Column A Column B

56. Popular Sovereignty A Makes laws

57. Legislature B RTI Act

58. Executive C People's power

59. Judiciary D Implements laws

60. RTI Act E Interprets laws

61. PIL F Switzerland

62. Direct Democracy G Public Interest Litigation

63. Parliamentary Democracy H India

64. Fourth Pillar I Media

65. Article 368 J Constitutional Amendment

66. Article 46 K Weaker Sections

67. Universal Adult Franchise L 18 Years

68. Rule of Law M Equality before Law

69. Question Hour N Parliamentary Accountability

70. Representation of the People Act, 1951 O Elections

Answer:- 56–70: 56–C, 57–A, 58–D, 59–E, 60–B, 61–G, 62–F, 63–H, 64–I, 65–J, 66–K, 67–L, 68–M, 69–N, 70–O

Section E: Assertion–Reason:- Options

A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true, but R is false.

D. A is false, but R is true.

71.Assertion (A): India is called the world's largest democracy.

Reason (R): India has more than 96.8 crore registered voters.

72.Assertion (A): Democracy gives power to the people.

Reason (R): Citizens elect representatives through free and fair elections.

73.Assertion (A): Rule of Law ensures equality before law.

Reason (R): No individual is above the law.

74.Assertion (A): The Constitution is considered a living document.

Reason (R): Article 368 provides for Constitutional amendments.

75.Assertion (A): Fundamental Rights protect citizens' freedom.

Reason (R): They are enforceable in courts of law.

76.Assertion (A): Separation of Powers prevents concentration of authority.

Reason (R): Legislature, Executive and Judiciary perform different functions.

77.Assertion (A): RTI Act strengthens democracy.

Reason (R): It promotes transparency and accountability.

78.Assertion (A): India follows Direct Democracy.

Reason (R): Citizens directly make all national laws.

79.Assertion (A): Switzerland is an example of Direct Democracy.

Reason (R): Citizens directly participate in important decision-making.

80.Assertion (A): Media is called the Fourth Pillar of Democracy.

Reason (R): It informs citizens and raises public issues.

81.Assertion (A): Multi-party system reflects India's diversity.

Reason (R): Different political parties represent different interests.

82.Assertion (A): Article 46 protects weaker sections.

Reason (R): It promotes educational and economic interests of weaker sections.

83.Assertion (A): Universal Adult Franchise is an important democratic principle.

Reason (R): Every citizen above 18 years has the right to vote.

84.Assertion (A): Parliament conducts Question Hour.

Reason (R): It helps hold the government accountable.

85.Assertion (A): Democracy requires active citizen participation.

Reason (R): Elections alone are sufficient for democracy.

Answer:- 71–85: A, A, A, A, B, A, A, D, A, A, A, A, A, A, C

Section F: Very Short Answer Questions

86. Define democracy.

87. What is Popular Sovereignty?

88. What is Universal Adult Franchise?

89. What is meant by Secret Ballot?

90. Define Rule of Law.

91. Name the three organs of the government.

92. What is the function of the Legislature?

93. What is the function of the Executive?

94. What is the role of the Judiciary?

95. What is meant by Separation of Powers?

96. Name any two Fundamental Rights.

97. What is Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?

98. What is the objective of the RTI Act, 2005?

99. What is a Multi-party System?

100. What is Civil Society?

101. Why is media called the Fourth Pillar of Democracy?

102. What is Federalism?

103. What is Decentralisation?

104. What is a Gram Sabha?

105. Mention any two challenges to democracy in India.

Section G: Short Answer Questions

106. Explain the meaning of democracy. Why is India called the world's largest democracy?

107. Describe any four democratic traditions that existed in ancient India.

108. Explain the significance of the Aikyamatya Suktam of the Rigveda in promoting democratic values.

109. Why is the Constitution of India called a "living document"? Explain with reference to Article 368.

110. What is Popular Sovereignty? How does Universal Adult Franchise strengthen it?

111. Explain the Rule of Law. Why is it essential in a democracy?

112. Write any four features of Fundamental Rights.

113. Explain the concept of Separation of Powers. Why is it important in democracy?

114. What is Public Interest Litigation (PIL)? How does it strengthen democracy?

115. Explain the role of the RTI Act, 2005 in ensuring accountability and transparency.

116. What is a Multi-party System? Mention any three advantages of this system.

117. Explain the role of Civil Society in strengthening democracy.

118. Why is media called the Fourth Pillar of Democracy? Mention any three functions of media.

119. Differentiate between Direct Democracy and Representative Democracy.

Basis Direct Democracy Representative Democracy

Participation
Decision Making
Example

120. Differentiate between Parliamentary Democracy and Presidential Democracy.

Basis Parliamentary Democracy Presidential Democracy

Executive
Accountability
Example

121. Explain the importance of Grassroots Democracy in India.

122. Describe the main features of the Jethipura Gram Panchayat (Gujarat) case study.

123. Explain the importance of women's participation in democracy. Mention the constitutional provisions for reservation.

124. What are the major challenges faced by democracy in India today? Explain any four.

125. Describe the duties of young citizens in strengthening democracy.

Section H: Long Answer Questions

126. Explain the democratic traditions of ancient India. How did these traditions influence modern Indian democracy?

127. Describe the major principles of democracy. Explain any five principles with suitable examples.

128. Explain the six Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India. Mention the relevant Articles.

129. Explain the concept of Separation of Powers. Describe the functions of the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary and explain how they maintain checks and balances.

130. Compare the different types of democracy with suitable examples. Include:

Direct Democracy
Representative Democracy
Parliamentary Democracy
Presidential Democracy

131. Explain how India's democracy functions at the grassroots level. Describe the role of:

Gram Sabha
Gram Panchayat
Panchayati Raj
Municipalities
PESA Act
Autonomous District Councils (ADCs)

132. Explain the role of media, Civil Society and RTI Act in strengthening democracy.

133. Describe the major challenges to democracy in India. Suggest suitable measures to overcome these challenges.

134. Explain the Emergency (1975–77) as a major challenge to Indian democracy. Include:

Causes
Events during Emergency
Suspension of Fundamental Rights
Press Censorship
Role of Jayaprakash Narayan
Lessons learnt from the Emergency

135. Competency-Based Question

Democracy is not limited to elections alone. Explain this statement with reference to:

Accountability
Transparency
Citizen Participation
Rule of Law
Fundamental Rights
Media
Civil Society

136. A newly elected village Panchayat has decided to hold monthly Gram Sabha meetings where every villager can express opinions regarding sanitation, education, drinking water, and village development.

Answer the following:

a) Which democratic principle is reflected here?

b) Name the local democratic institution.

c) Mention two benefits of this system.

137. A journalist filed an RTI application seeking information about the expenditure on a government welfare scheme.

a) Which Act has been used?

b) Which democratic value is promoted?

c) Mention two advantages of this Act.

138. The Judiciary declared a law unconstitutional because it violated Fundamental Rights.

a) Which principle of democracy is reflected?

b) Which organ of government gave the judgment?

c) Why is judicial review important?

139. During elections, every citizen above 18 years casts their vote through a secret ballot.

a) Name this democratic principle.

b) Why is a secret ballot important?

c) Mention two advantages of free and fair elections.

140. A group of citizens filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) to stop illegal pollution of a river.

a) What is PIL?

b) Which democratic value does it promote?

c) How does it benefit society?

Section I: Case Study-Based Questions

Case Study – 1:-Democracy in Ancient India

Ancient India had several democratic traditions. Institutions such as Sabha, Samiti, Vidhata, Gana, and Bauddha Sangha encouraged consultation, debate, voting, and collective decision-making. The Aikyamatya Suktam of the Rigveda emphasised unity, shared thinking, and collective responsibility. These democratic traditions later influenced the framing of the Constitution of India.

Questions

141. Which of the following democratic institutions belonged to ancient India?

A. Parliament

B. Sabha

C. Supreme Court

D. Election Commission

142. The Aikyamatya Suktam mainly promotes:

A. War

B. Collective thinking and unity

C. Tax collection

D. Military rule

143. Mention any two democratic values reflected in the ancient institutions of India.

144. Explain one way in which these democratic traditions influenced modern Indian democracy.

Case Study – 2:- Right to Information and Accountability

The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 enables citizens to seek information from government departments. It strengthens transparency, accountability, and good governance. Citizens can question public authorities regarding government expenditure, development works, and public welfare schemes. The Act has empowered people to participate more actively in democracy.

Questions

145. RTI Act was enacted in:

A. 1996

B. 2000

C. 2005

D. 2010

146. RTI mainly promotes:

A. Monopoly

B. Transparency

C. Regionalism

D. Censorship

147. State two advantages of the RTI Act.

148. How does the RTI Act strengthen democracy? Explain.

Case Study – 3:- Challenges to Democracy

India is the world's largest democracy, but it faces several challenges such as illiteracy, poverty, inequality, fake news, misinformation, regionalism, gender inequality, and social discrimination. Responsible citizens, free media, constitutional values, and active participation are essential for strengthening democracy. Democracy is not limited to voting alone but also includes responsible behaviour, civic responsibility, and respect for laws.

Questions

149. Which of the following is NOT a challenge to democracy?

A. Fake News

B. Illiteracy

C. Transparency

D. Poverty

150. Which democratic value is strengthened by responsible citizens?

A. Dictatorship

B. Democracy

C. Colonialism

D. Monarchy

151. Mention any two challenges faced by Indian democracy.

152. Suggest two measures to strengthen democracy in India.

Answer Key

Section:- A

Answer:- 1–35: C, B, C, A, A, C, B, B, B, C, C, C, A, B, B, A, B, B, B, C, B, C, B, B, C, B, C, C, B, B, A, D, C, C, B

Section:- B

36–45: True, True, True, True, False, False, True, True, True, True

Section:- C

46–55: People, Democracy, 26 November 1949, 26 January 1950, Universal Adult Franchise, Rule of Law, 368, 2005, Media, Direct

Section:- D

56–70: 56–C, 57–A, 58–D, 59–E, 60–B, 61–G, 62–F, 63–H, 64–I, 65–J, 66–K, 67–L, 68–M, 69–N, 70–O

Section:- E

71–85: A, A, A, A, B, A, A, D, A, A, A, A, A, A, C

Section F: Very Short Answer Questions

86. Democracy is a form of government in which ultimate power belongs to the people, who elect their representatives through free and fair elections.

87. Popular Sovereignty means that the ultimate authority or power of the government lies with the people.

88. Universal Adult Franchise is the right of every citizen aged 18 years and above to vote without discrimination.

89. Secret Ballot is a voting method in which the voter's choice remains confidential.

90. Rule of Law means that everyone is equal before the law and no one is above the law.

91. Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.

92. The Legislature makes laws for the country.

93. The Executive implements and enforces the laws made by the Legislature.

94. The Judiciary interprets laws, protects the Constitution and ensures justice.

95. Separation of Powers is the division of governmental powers among the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary to maintain checks and balances.

96. Any two:- Right to Equality, Right to Freedom

97. Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal action filed in a court for the protection of public interest.

98. The objective of the RTI Act, 2005 is to promote transparency, accountability and provide citizens access to government information.

99. A Multi-party System is a political system in which several political parties contest elections and participate in governance.

100. Civil Society refers to voluntary groups, NGOs and community organisations that work independently for public welfare.

101. Media is called the Fourth Pillar of Democracy because it informs citizens, raises public issues and promotes accountability.

102. Federalism is the division of powers between the Union Government and the State Governments.

103. Decentralisation is the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the Central Government to State and Local Governments.

104. Gram Sabha is the assembly of all adult voters of a village who participate in local decision-making.

105. Any two:- Illiteracy, Poverty, Inequality, Gender inequality, Regionalism, Social discrimination

Fake news, Misinformation, Weak implementation of laws

Section G: Short Answer Questions

106. Democracy is a form of government in which ultimate power belongs to the people. Citizens elect their representatives through free and fair elections. India is called the world's largest democracy because it has more than 96.8 crore voters, conducts elections on a massive scale, and ensures participation at the national, state, and local levels.

107. Any four democratic traditions in ancient India are:

Sabha and Samiti encouraged public participation.
Vidhata was an assembly for discussion.
Gana and Sangha followed collective decision-making.
Bauddha Sangha promoted debate, consultation and voting.

108. The Aikyamatya Suktam of the Rigveda promotes collective thinking, unity of purpose and shared discussion. It encourages cooperation, consensus and collective decision-making, which are important democratic values.

109. The Constitution is called a living document because it can be amended according to changing needs and circumstances. Article 368 provides the procedure for amending the Constitution while preserving its basic values such as justice, liberty, equality and fraternity.

110. Popular Sovereignty means that the ultimate authority lies with the people. Universal Adult Franchise strengthens it by giving every citizen aged 18 years and above an equal right to vote and choose representatives.

111. Rule of Law means everyone is equal before the law and no one is above it. It is essential because it protects citizens' rights, ensures justice and prevents the misuse of power.

112. Any four features of Fundamental Rights:

Guaranteed by the Constitution.
Protect the freedom and dignity of citizens.
Enforceable through courts.
Ensure equality and justice for all.

113. Separation of Powers means dividing government authority among the Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. It prevents concentration of power, maintains checks and balances and safeguards democracy.

114. Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal action filed in a court for the protection of public interest. It strengthens democracy by allowing citizens to seek justice on matters affecting society and ensuring government accountability.

115. The RTI Act, 2005 promotes transparency and accountability by giving citizens the right to obtain information from government departments. It helps reduce corruption and encourages responsible governance.

116. A Multi-party System is a political system in which several political parties contest elections.

Advantages:

Provides more choices to voters.
Represents diverse interests.
Ensures greater accountability of the government.

117. Civil Society consists of NGOs, voluntary organisations and community groups that work for public welfare. It creates awareness, promotes citizen participation and helps hold the government accountable.

118. Media is called the Fourth Pillar of Democracy because it keeps citizens informed and strengthens democratic values. Functions:

Spreads information.
Raises public issues.
Builds public opinion.

119. Basis Direct Democracy Representative Democracy

Participation Citizens participate directly Citizens elect representatives

Decision Making People take decisions themselves Representatives make decisions

Example Switzerland India

120. Basis Parliamentary Democracy Presidential Democracy

Executive Responsible to the Legislature Independent of the Legislature

Accountability Executive is accountable to Parliament President is accountable to the people

Example India, Canada United States (USA)

121. Grassroots Democracy enables people to participate directly in local governance. It strengthens democracy by promoting decentralisation, improving public participation, ensuring better implementation of development programmes, increasing accountability, and addressing local issues through institutions like the Gram Sabha, Gram Panchayat, and Municipalities.

122. The main features of the Jethipura Gram Panchayat (Gujarat) are:

Active people's participation.
Regular Gram Sabha meetings.
Encouragement of women's participation.
Improvement in education.
Better sanitation and village development.

123. Women's participation strengthens democracy by ensuring equal representation and inclusive decision-making. Constitutional provisions:

Article 243D: Provides a minimum of one-third reservation for women in Panchayats.
Article 243T: Provides a minimum of one-third reservation for women in Municipalities.
Many States have increased this reservation to 50%.

124. Major challenges faced by democracy in India are:

Illiteracy.
Poverty.
Inequality.
Gender inequality.
Social discrimination.
Regionalism.
Fake news and misinformation.
Weak implementation of laws.

These challenges reduce equal participation and weaken democratic institutions.

125.The duties of young citizens include:

Being media literate.
Understanding and respecting the Constitution.
Following Fundamental Duties.
Participating in NCC, NSS, and Bharat Scouts & Guides.
Respecting diversity.
Protecting public property.
Promoting responsible citizenship and democratic values.

Section H : Long Answer Questions

126. Ancient India had several democratic traditions through institutions such as Sabha, Samiti, Vidhata, Gana, Sangha, and Bauddha Sangha. These institutions promoted consultation, discussion, debate, voting, and collective decision-making. The Aikyamatya Suktam of the Rigveda encouraged unity, shared thinking, and collective responsibility. These democratic values influenced the framing of the Indian Constitution by promoting participation, equality, consensus, and representative governance.

127.The major principles of democracy are:

Popular Sovereignty – Power belongs to the people.
Rule of Law – Everyone is equal before the law.
Fundamental Rights – Protect the freedom and dignity of citizens.
Separation of Powers – Divides power among the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.
Accountability and Transparency – Ensures responsible government.
Multi-party System – Provides political choices and representation.
Protection of Vulnerable Groups – Safeguards weaker sections under Article 46.

These principles ensure justice, equality, participation, and good governance.

128.The Constitution guarantees six Fundamental Rights:

Right to Equality (Articles 14–18)
Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22)
Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24)
Freedom of Religion (Articles 25–28)
Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29–30)
Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)

Other important provisions include Article 21A (Right to Education) and Article 226 (Constitutional Remedies through High Courts).

129.Separation of Powers means dividing government authority among the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.

Legislature: Makes laws.
Executive: Implements laws.
Judiciary: Interprets laws and protects the Constitution.

This system maintains checks and balances, prevents misuse of power, protects citizens' rights, and strengthens democracy.

130.Different types of democracy:

Type Features Example

Direct Democracy Citizens directly participate in decision-making Switzerland
Representative Democracy People elect representatives India
Parliamentary Democracy Executive is responsible to the Legislature India, Canada
Presidential Democracy President is independent of the Legislature United States

131. India's democracy functions at the grassroots level through local self-government institutions.

Gram Sabha: Assembly of all adult voters of the village.
Gram Panchayat: Implements local development programmes.
Panchayati Raj: Promotes democratic decentralisation in rural areas.
Municipalities: Manage urban local administration.
PESA Act (1996): Strengthens self-governance in Scheduled Areas.
Autonomous District Councils (ADCs): Provide self-governance in certain tribal areas.

These institutions increase people's participation and improve local governance.

132. Media spreads information, raises public issues, builds public opinion, and promotes accountability.

Civil Society creates awareness, encourages citizen participation, and works for public welfare.
RTI Act, 2005 ensures transparency, accountability, and citizens' access to government information.

Together, they strengthen democracy by promoting informed participation and responsible governance.

133.Major challenges to democracy include:

Illiteracy
Poverty
Inequality
Regionalism
Gender inequality
Social discrimination
Fake news
Misinformation
Weak implementation of laws

Measures to overcome these challenges:

Improve education and awareness.
Promote constitutional values.
Encourage responsible use of media.
Strengthen the Rule of Law.
Ensure transparency and accountability.
Increase public participation in democratic processes.

134. The Emergency (1975–77) was a major challenge to Indian democracy.

Fundamental Rights were suspended.
Press was censored.
Political leaders were arrested.
Democratic freedoms were restricted.
Jayaprakash Narayan (Lok Nayak) led the movement for restoring democracy.

The Emergency highlighted the importance of protecting democratic institutions, Fundamental Rights, and constitutional values.

135.Democracy is not limited to elections alone. It also requires:

Accountability of the government to the people.
Transparency in governance.
Citizen Participation in public affairs.
Rule of Law ensuring equality before the law.
Protection of Fundamental Rights.
Free and responsible Media.
Active Civil Society promoting public welfare and awareness.

These elements together ensure that democracy remains participatory, responsive, and accountable.

136. (a) People's Participation / Grassroots Democracy

(b) Gram Sabha

Ensures transparency and better local development.

137. (a) Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005

(b) Transparency and Accountability

Helps reduce corruption and promotes good governance.

138. (a) Rule of Law / Protection of Fundamental Rights

(b) Judiciary

139. (a) Universal Adult Franchise

(b) It protects the privacy of voters and ensures free and fair elections.

Makes elections fair, transparent and democratic.

140. (a) Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal action filed in a court to protect public interest.

(b) Rule of Law / Public Accountability

Section I: Case Base Study

Case Study – 1

141. B. Sabha

142. B. Collective thinking and unity

143. Any two:

Collective decision-making
Consultation
Debate
Voting
Consensus
People's participation

144. These democratic traditions inspired the Indian Constitution by promoting participation, discussion, equality, consultation and collective decision-making in democratic governance.

Case Study – 2

145. C. 2005

146. B. Transparency

147. Any two:

Promotes transparency.
Ensures government accountability.
Gives citizens access to government information.
Helps reduce corruption.
Encourages responsible governance.

148. The RTI Act strengthens democracy by giving citizens the right to obtain information from public authorities. It promotes transparency, accountability, good governance and active citizen participation.

Case Study – 3

149. C. Transparency

150. B. Democracy

151. Any two:

Illiteracy
Poverty
Inequality
Regionalism
Gender inequality
Social discrimination
Fake news
Misinformation
Weak implementation of laws

152. Any two:

Spread education and public awareness.
Promote constitutional values.
Encourage responsible use of social media.
Strengthen the Rule of Law.
Increase transparency and accountability.
Encourage active citizen participation.
Ensure equal opportunities for all citizens.

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Chapter 6: Democracy Worksheet Class 9 Social Science NCERT BOOK

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