Chapter 3: Atmosphere and Climate Worksheet Class 9 Social Science (NCERT BOOK)

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 Class 9 Social Science (Geography)

Chapter 3: Atmosphere and Climate

Worksheet https://link.amazon/B03Oq3rgM

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions 

1. Which force holds the atmosphere around the Earth?

a) Magnetism

b) Gravity

c) Friction

d) Rotation

2. Which gas is present in the highest proportion in the atmosphere?

a) Oxygen

b) Carbon dioxide

c) Nitrogen

d) Argon

3. Water vapour mainly helps in

a) Soil formation

b) Cloud formation

c) Earthquakes

d) Volcanoes

4. Which gas is essential for photosynthesis?

a) Oxygen

b) Nitrogen

c) Carbon dioxide

d) Argon

5. Mean sea level is considered as

a) 100 m

b) 10 m

c) Zero

d) 50 m

6. Most weather phenomena occur in

a) Mesosphere

b) Troposphere

c) Thermosphere

d) Exosphere

7. Aeroplanes usually fly in the

a) Stratosphere

b) Troposphere

c) Thermosphere

d) Mesosphere

8. Meteors burn up in the

a) Troposphere

b) Exosphere

c) Mesosphere

d) Thermosphere

9. Aurora occurs in the

a) Troposphere

b) Mesosphere

c) Thermosphere

d) Exosphere

10. Which layer contains the ozone layer?

a) Troposphere

b) Mesosphere

c) Stratosphere

d) Exosphere

11. Weather refers to

a) Average condition for 30 years

b) Daily atmospheric condition

c) Annual rainfall

d) Seasonal wind

12. Climate is the average weather of a place over

a) One year

b) Five years

c) Thirty years or more

d) Ten years

13. Wind always moves from

a) Low pressure to high pressure

b) High pressure to low pressure

c) East to west

d) North to south

14. Incoming solar energy is called

a) Insolation

b) Radiation

c) Reflection

d) Conduction

15. Which is NOT a form of precipitation?

a) Rain

b) Snow

c) Hail

d) Fog

16. The South-West Monsoon generally begins in

a) January

b) March

c) June

d) October

17. The Arabic word "Mausim" means

a) Wind

b) Season

c) Rain

d) Ocean

18. Which state receives major rainfall from the North-East Monsoon?

a) Punjab

b) Rajasthan

c) Tamil Nadu

d) Gujarat

19. Which human activity increases climate change the most?

a) Plantation

b) Rainwater harvesting

c) Burning fossil fuels

d) Recycling

20. Carbon footprint means

a) Carbon present in soil

b) Carbon stored in rocks

c) Greenhouse gases released due to human activities

d) Carbon present in oceans

Section B: True or False  https://link.amazon/B03Oq3rgM

  1. The atmosphere protects Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays.
  2. Troposphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
  3. Temperature decreases with altitude in the troposphere.
  4. Weather and climate have the same meaning.
  5. Humidity refers to the amount of water vapour in the air.
  6. Sea breeze blows from land to sea during the day.
  7. Winds always move from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.
  8. The South-West Monsoon is the main rainy season in India.
  9. Climate change is caused only by natural factors.
  10. Walking and cycling help reduce carbon footprint.

Section C: Fill in the Blanks 

  1. The atmosphere is held around the Earth by __________.
  2. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is __________.
  3. The transition zone between the troposphere and stratosphere is called __________.
  4. The __________ layer protects Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays.
  5. The movement of air from high pressure to low pressure is called __________.
  6. Incoming solar radiation received by Earth is known as __________.
  7. The seasonal reversal of winds is called __________.
  8. The South-West Monsoon begins over __________.
  9. The North-East Monsoon mainly brings rainfall to __________.
  10. Reducing the use of fossil fuels helps lower our __________.

Section D: Assertion–Reason :- Choose the correct option.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

Assertion: The troposphere is the most important layer of the atmosphere.

Reason: Almost all weather phenomena occur in this layer.


Assertion: Aeroplanes fly in the stratosphere.

Reason: This layer is almost free from clouds and weather disturbances.


Assertion: Winds move from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas.

Reason: Pressure difference causes air movement.


Assertion: The South-West Monsoon brings most of India's rainfall.

Reason: Moisture-laden winds blow from sea towards land.


Assertion: Climate change has increased the occurrence of floods and droughts.

Reason: Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere.


Section E: Very Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

  1. Define atmosphere.
  2. State any two functions of the atmosphere.
  3. What is altitude?
  4. Differentiate between weather and climate.
  5. Define insolation.
  6. What is humidity?
  7. Define carbon footprint.
  8. Name the five layers of the atmosphere.
  9. What is the importance of the ozone layer?
  10. Define monsoon.

Section F: Short Answer Questions 

  1. Explain the composition of the atmosphere.
  2. Describe the troposphere.
  3. Explain any three characteristics of the stratosphere.
  4. Explain the role of atmospheric pressure in the formation of wind.
  5. Distinguish between Sea Breeze and Land Breeze.
  6. Describe the four seasons recognised by the IMD.
  7. Explain the mechanism of the South-West Monsoon.
  8. Explain the North-East Monsoon and its importance.
  9. Explain any three causes of climate change.
  10. Mention any three ways to reduce carbon footprint.

Section G: Long Answer Questions 

  1. Explain the structure of the atmosphere with suitable headings.
  2. Describe the major elements of weather and climate.
  3. Explain the mechanism and importance of monsoon in India.
  4. Describe the causes, effects, and preventive measures of climate change.
  5. Explain the Punjab Floods (2025) case study under the following headings:

  • Natural causes
  • Human causes
  • Effects
  • Measures to reduce flood damage

Section H: HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)  https://link.amazon/B03Oq3rgM

  1. Why would life on Earth become impossible if the atmosphere disappeared? Give logical reasons.
  2. Imagine the ozone layer became thinner. How would it affect human life, agriculture, and biodiversity?
  3.  A coastal city experiences pleasant weather during summer afternoons. Explain this phenomenon using the concept of local winds.
  4. Farmers in a region receive very little rainfall due to a weak South-West Monsoon. Analyse its impact on agriculture, water resources, and the economy.
  5. Suggest five practical steps that students can take in their daily lives to reduce climate change and explain how each step contributes to environmental protection.

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