Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals
Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals 1. Nutrition in Animals Animals obtain food from plants directly or indirectly. Animal nutrition involves: 1. Nutrient requirement 2. Mode of intake of food 3. Utilisation of food in the body The main steps of nutrition are: Ingestion → Digestion → Absorption → Assimilation → Egestion. 2. Modes of Taking Food Different animals take food in different ways: - Humming-bird/bee: sucking nectar - Python: swallowing prey - Butterfly: siphoning - Housefly: sponging - Lice: sucking - Some animals capture and swallow their food. 3. Human Digestive System The alimentary canal consists of: Buccal cavity → Oesophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine → Rectum → Anus. Important digestive glands: - Salivary glands - Liver - Pancreas 4. Digestion in the Mouth - Food enters the body through the mouth. This is called ingestion. - Teeth cut, tear and grind food. - The tongue mixes food with saliva and helps in swallowing. - Saliva breaks down starch into...